1. Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm rail nto roughness ntawm lub zog noj?
Rough rail nto nce dov tsis kam, yuam locomotives siv ntau zog los tswj ceev. Piv txwv li, ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntxhib tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog siv tau los ntawm 5-10% piv rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsis sib xws ua rau lub log "thaws" me ntsis, nkim lub zog raws li kev co thiab cua sov. Rail sib tsoo txo roughness, rov qab smoothness thiab txo qis zog siv. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov no txhim kho roj efficiency rau cov tsheb ciav hlau thauj khoom thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob rau cov neeg caij tsheb ciav hlau.
2. Yuav ua li cas steel rails nyob rau hauv roob tunnels txawv ntawm cov nyob rau hauv qhib lem?
Tunnel rails nyob rau hauv toj siab ntsib tej qhov chaw confined thiab tsis muaj qhov cua, ua rau corrosion txaus ntshai ntawm ya raws. Lawv feem ntau siv corrosion-cov alloys resistant los yog coatings thiab muaj kev txhim kho cov kav dej. Tunnels kuj txwv kev saib xyuas, yog li cov tsheb ciav hlau tau tsim los rau kev ua neej ntev dua -qhov hnyav dua nrog induction- taub hau tawv. Qhib roob lem, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua huab cua (xws li, daus, hluav taws xob UV) thiab tej zaum yuav siv cov pob qij txha ntxiv kom haum rau qhov kub thiab txias - ntsig txog kev nthuav dav hauv thaj chaw raug.
3. Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem rau kev rov ua dua cov hlua hlau rau hauv cov khoom tshiab?
Kev rov ua dua tshiab pib nrog kev sau cov kab qub qub, uas tau tshuaj xyuas thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom tsis yog- hlau (xws li, fasteners). Cov ntsia hlau raug txiav mus rau hauv qhov ntev tswj tau thiab yaj hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv, qhov twg impurities raug tshem tawm. Cov hlau molten yog nrum rau hauv cov ntsia hlau tshiab, cov qauv hlau, lossis lwm yam khoom. Recycling khaws cia feem ntau ntawm cov hlau cov khoom, thiab siv cov hlau rov ua dua txo cov kev siv zog los ntawm 70% piv rau kev tsim cov hlau tshiab los ntawm ore. Ntau lub tuam txhab tsheb ciav hlau tam sim no siv 30-50% cov ntsiab lus rov ua dua tshiab hauv cov tsheb ciav hlau tshiab.
4. Yuav ua li cas steel rails cuam tshuam cov suab nrov ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau hla?
Rail suab nrov los ntawm lub log - kev sib tiv tauj - siab dua nrog cov npoo ntxhib lossis pob qij txha. Smooth, welded rails txo suab nrov los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab kev co. Curved rails tsim suab nrov vim lub log flange kev sib txhuam, uas yog vim li cas lubrication thiab sib tsoo ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau loj dampens vibrations: hnyav rails (60+ } kg / m) vibrate tsawg dua cov sib zog, ua suab nrov tsawg. Trackside barriers tuaj yeem txo cov suab nrov, tab sis kev tsheb ciav hlau smoothness tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb.
5. Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem rau kev xaiv cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tshiab?
Rail hnyav yog xaiv raws li lub tsheb ciav hlau ceev, qag load, thiab tsheb ntim. High- kab ceev (200+ km / h) siv 60–75 kg/m rails los tiv thaiv cov loads dynamic. Hnyav-haul freight (axle loads 25+ tons) yuav tsum tau 75 kg/m los yog hnyav dua. Lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau lossis cov kab hauv cheeb tsam nrog qis qis thiab thauj khoom siv tau 30-50 kg / m rails. Tus nqi kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb: cov tsheb hnyav hnyav dua yog kim dua tab sis kav ntev dua. Cov kws ua haujlwm sib npaug ntawm cov xwm txheej no, feem ntau xaiv rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau uas ua tau raws li kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb.