1. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau "thermal expansion," yog dab tsi thiab cov kev sib koom ua ke ua haujlwm li cas?
Rail thermal expansion yog qhov nce ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau ntev thaum rhuab (≈1mm ib meter rau txhua txhua 10℃kub nce). Cov kev sib koom ua ke tswj hwm nws los ntawm kev suav nrog qhov khoob me me (10-15mm) ntawm cov kab tsheb ciav hlau- cov khoob no cia cov tsheb ciav hlau nthuav dav hauv huab cua kub yam tsis muaj buckling. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias poob, cov tsheb ciav hlau sib cog lus, thiab qhov sib txawv me ntsis. Fishplates thiab bolts tuav cov kab tsheb ciav hlau ua ke, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov khoob tsis cuam tshuam rau lub tsheb ciav hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev sib koom ua ke muaj kev co thiab hnav ntau dua li CWR, yog li lawv tsuas yog siv rau qis - cov kab ceev (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 100 km / h) qhov twg CWR qhov nruab nrab kub tswj tsis ua haujlwm.
2. American AREMA 115RE rail lub taub hau profile yog dab tsi, thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li zoo rau kev sib xyaw ua ke?
AREMA 115RE muaj qhov "symmetrical" lub taub hau profile nrog 73mm dav thiab 31mm qhov siab, ua kom zoo rau cov neeg caij tsheb sib xyaw- tsheb thauj khoom. Qhov profile muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw sib tw uas sib tw rau ob lub tsheb ciav hlau cov neeg caij tsheb (tseem hu ua thaj chaw me me rau kev ceev) thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom thauj lub log (loj sib tiv tauj rau cov khoom hnyav). Nws kuj tseem muaj lub kaum ntse ntse ntxiv (thicker dua UIC 54) los tiv thaiv hnav los ntawm flanges flanges. Tus tsim symmetrical ua kom ntseeg tau tias txawm hnav thaum tsheb khiav ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb (hnub) thiab cov khoom thauj (hmo ntuj), txo qhov xav tau kev sib tsoo ntau zaus. Qhov nyiaj tshuav no ua rau AREMA 115RE zoo tagnrho rau North American mainlines uas nqa ob lub tsheb ciav hlau Amtrak thiab Union Pacific freight tsheb ciav hlau.
3. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau "recycling," yog dab tsi thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau qub (xws li UIC 60) rov ua dua li cas?
Rail recycling yog cov txheej txheem ntawm repurposing qub los yog puas rails rau hauv cov khoom hlau tshiab, txo cov khib nyiab. Rau qub UIC 60 rails: 1.Sau: Cov kab tsheb ciav hlau raug tshem tawm ntawm txoj kab, tshuaj xyuas, thiab txheeb xyuas (hnav thiab tawg). 2.Kev npaj: Tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg pw tsaug zog, ntxuav ntawm ballast / xeb, thiab txiav rau hauv qhov ntev 1–2m. 3.Melting: Loaded rau hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv (1600 degree) kom yaj mus rau hauv cov hlau molten, nrog impurities tshem tawm ntawm slag . 4.Kev hloov kho: Molten steel yog cam khwb cia rau hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tshiab, dov rau hauv txoj kab tshiab (piv txwv li, UIC 54) lossis lwm yam khoom siv hlau (cov kab hluav taws xob tsim). Recycling qub UIC 60 rails txuag 70% ntawm lub zog xav tau los ua cov tsheb ciav hlau tshiab los ntawm cov hlau ore, ua rau nws yog eco-kev coj ua zoo rau kev tsheb ciav hlau thoob ntiaj teb.
4. Suav CRTS 300N rail qhov nruab nrab qhov kub thiab txias yog dab tsi, thiab nws hloov kho li cas rau cov huab cua sib txawv?
CRTS 300N qhov nruab nrab qhov kub thiab txias yog 25-35 degree, kho raws li kev nyab xeeb ntawm thaj chaw teeb tsa: 1.Cov cheeb tsam huab cua (xws li East China): Muab tso rau ntawm 28-30 degree, ntsuas lub caij ntuj sov sov (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 38 degree) thiab lub caij ntuj no txias (siab dua lossis sib npaug li -5 degree) kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau . 2.Cov cheeb tsam kub (xws li South China): Muab tso rau ntawm 32-35℃, raws li lub caij ntuj sov kub feem ntau tshaj 40℃- siab nruab nrab kub txo compression . 3.Cov cheeb tsam txias (piv txwv li, Northeast China): Muab tso rau ntawm 25-28 degree, raws li lub caij ntuj no kub poob mus rau -20℃- qis nruab nrab temp yuav txo qhov nro ntawm contraction. Crews siv portable kub sensors kom paub meej tias kev tsheb nqaj hlau kub thaum lub sij hawm installation, kom nws phim lub regional nruab nrab temp kom tsis txhob buckling los yog cracking.
5. Qhov txawv ntawm "heavy-haul rail" thiab "high-speed rail" yog dab tsi ntawm cov khoom siv purity?
Hnyav -cov tsheb ciav hlau (piv txwv li, AREMA 132RE, GB 75kg / m) yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv siab purity (sulfur Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.025%, phosphorus Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03%) los tiv thaiv kev qaug zog los ntawm cov axles hnyav, tab sis cia me me inclusions (tsawg dua li lawv μt) sib npaug High - cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev (CRTS 300N, UIC 60 rau 350km / h) muaj cov qauv purity nruj dua (sulfur Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.015%, phosphorus Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.025%) thiab yuav luag tsis suav nrog (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 20μm). Qhov no yog vim qhov siab - cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev tau dhau los ua ntu zus, siab - zaus vibrations ({19}}km / h) uas tuaj yeem ua rau me me suav nrog ua rau qaug zog tawg. High- cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev kuj tseem siv cov txheej txheem steel ntau dua (piv txwv li, lub tshuab nqus tsev degassing) kom tshem tawm cov impurities, thaum hnyav - cov tsheb ciav hlau tseem ceeb tshaj qhov muaj zog tshaj ultra- qis qis.