1. Kev tsheb ciav hlau "kev kuaj xyuas lub taub hau," yog dab tsi thiab nws kho li cas?
Rail head checking yog tsim ntawm me me, thaum uas tig mus kab nrib pleb (1-5mm sib sib zog nqus) ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau lub taub hau nto, tshwm sim los ntawm cyclic thermal stress thiab log cuam tshuam. Nws tshwm sim hauv cov huab cua txias (khov-thaw cycles) thiab siab - kab ceev. Yog tias sab laug tsis kho, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv kev qaug zog tawg. Kev kho muaj xws li: 1.Sib tsoo: Tshem tawm cov txheej txheej tawg (0.5-1mm) nrog kev sib tsoo cov cav tov kom rov qab tau cov profile du . 2.Kev kho cua sov: Re-quenching lub taub hau hauv av kom rov-tsim cov txheej tawv tawv. 3.Hloov: For severe checking (cracks >5mm sib sib zog nqus), ntu kev tsheb nqaj hlau cuam tshuam raug txiav tawm thiab hloov. Kev tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo txhua 6-12 lub hlis ntawm kev siab - cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev (xws li CRTS 300N) txo qis kev kuaj xyuas lub taub hau.
2. American AREMA 132RE rail lub zog tensile yog dab tsi, thiab vim li cas nws tseem ceeb heev rau ultra- thauj khoom hnyav?
AREMA 132RE muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog ntawm 862MPa (125,000 psi), ib qho ntawm qhov siab tshaj ntawm cov qauv kev sib tw. Lub zog siab no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ultra- thauj khoom hnyav (axle loads Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 35t, piv txwv li, cov tsheb ciav hlau lossis cov pob zeb hauv av) vim nws tiv taus qhov hnyav tensile thiab shear rog tsim los ntawm cov log hnyav. Thaum lub 35t qag hla, lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau muaj kev ntxhov siab txog li 700MPa-AREMA 132RE's 862MPa lub zog muab kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo, tiv thaiv kev tsis sib haum xeeb lossis tawg. Yog tsis muaj lub zog no, lub tsheb ciav hlau yuav hnav lossis qaug zog sai, ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntau zaus thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau lub zog tseem tso cai rau nws tswj hwm nws qhov profile hauv qab hnyav, ua kom lub log sib xws.
3. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov neeg pw tsaug zog yog dab tsi, thiab lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv tsheb sib txawv li cas?
Rail pads yog cov khoom siv elastic (cov roj hmab, ua npuas ncauj, lossis cov khoom sib xyaw) muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab cov neeg pw tsaug zog, ua haujlwm tsis zoo los nqus kev co, txo suab nrov, thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg pw tsaug zog los ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm kev sib piv cov tsheb ciav hlau loj: 1.UIC 60/GB 60kg/m: Siv 150mm- cov ntaub qhwv dav (raws li qhov dav ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau) txhawm rau faib cov khoom sib npaug ntawm cov pob zeb ua haujlwm . 2.UIC 54 / AREMA 115RE: Siv 140mm - dav pads rau nruab nrab -load sleepers. 3.Heavy- tsheb ciav hlau (AREMA 132RE): Siv cov ntaub qhwv tuab (10–12mm vs . 8mm standard) los daws qhov cuam tshuam ntau dua. Rau siab - cov tsheb ciav hlau ceev (CRTS 300N), cov ntaub qhwv muaj qhov elasticity ntau dua los txo kev co ntawm 350 km / h, thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau siv coj- cov ntaub qhwv tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua - pib.
4. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau "corrosion," yog dab tsi thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau twg muaj zog tshaj plaws rau nws?
Rail corrosion yog oxidation ntawm rail hlau vim ya raws, ntsev, los yog muaj kuab paug, ua rau lub tsheb ciav hlau tsis muaj zog thiab shortening nws lub neej. Rails feem ntau tiv taus corrosion muaj xws li: 1.Stainless hlau rails: Tsis tshua muaj tab sis siv nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv dej (piv txwv li, Nyiv lub Shinkansen ntug hiav txwv ntu) rau lawv cov chromium -raws li oxide zaj duab xis. 2.Epoxy-coated rails: Siv nyob rau hauv metro systems (underground damp ib puag ncig) thiab ntug hiav txwv mainlines -epoxy tsim ib qho kev thaiv tiv thaiv dej / ntsev. 3.Kub-dip galvanized rails: Siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg, raws li zinc txheej resists acid los nag. Standard carbon steel rails (UIC 54, AREMA 115RE) yog qhov ua rau corrosion nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau pleev xim los yog tshuaj xyuas kom tsis txhob xeb.
5. Suav GB 75kg / m rail yog dab tsi, thiab nws txhawb Daqin Railway 30t qag loads li cas?
Tuam Tshoj tus GB 75kg / m rail yog hnyav - tsheb ciav hlau tsheb ciav hlau tsim rau Daqin Railway (lub ntiaj teb cov tsheb thauj neeg coob tshaj plaws), uas nqa 30t qag loads. Nws muaj lub taub hau tuab tuab (42 hli) thiab lub vev xaib (20 hli) txhawm rau faib cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav hnyav, txo kev ntxhov siab kom tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 650MPa (zoo hauv qab nws lub zog tensile 820MPa). Lub tsheb ciav hlau tau dhau los ua dual quenching- cua sov lub taub hau rau 900 degree, quenching, ces tempering ntawm 500℃-kom ua tiav lub taub hau hardness 320-380HB, tiv taus hnav los ntawm cov hmoov av thiab cov log hnyav. Nws lub hauv paus dav (165mm) muab kev txhawb nqa ruaj khov ntawm Daqin cov neeg pw tsaug zog, txawm tias qis dua 100+ tsheb ciav hlau txhua hnub. Kev tswj hwm nruj nruj (kev kuaj xyuas ultrasonic rau cov teeb meem sab hauv) ua kom nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntev - lub sijhawm tsheb hnyav yam tsis ua haujlwm.