Hnav- tiv thaiv txheej tiv thaiv thiab lub log- kev tsheb ciav hlau coj los tswj rau cov txheej txheem sab nraud
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm laser cladding hnav-cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv rau txawv teb chaws tus qauv?
Rau lub laser cladding hnav- resistant txheej ntawm txawv teb chaws tus qauv rails, lub laser lub hwj chim yuav tsum xub tswj, feem ntau yog teem ntawm 3-5kW. Lub zog qis dhau yuav ua rau kev sib txuas tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem cladding, thaum lub zog siab dhau yuav yooj yim hlawv cov tsheb ciav hlau matrix. Lub cladding hmoov yog hlau-raws li alloy hmoov, thiab cov hmoov particle loj yog tswj ntawm 50{13}}150μm kom ntseeg tau tias cov hmoov melting zoo sib xws thiab nruj adhesion. Lub laser scanning ceev yuav tsum tau ua kom haum cov hmoov pub mis, feem ntau 0.5-1m / min, kom ntseeg tau tias cov tuab tuab ntawm txheej cladding, thiab cov thickness ntawm cov khoom hnav-resistant txheej yuav tsum ncav cuag 1.5-2mm. Argon roj yuav tsum tau qhia raws li cov roj tiv thaiv thaum lub sij hawm cladding txheej txheem, nrog ib tug roj txaus tus nqi ntawm 15-20L / min, cais huab cua thiab tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm cladding txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub clad rail yuav tsum tau txais kev kho cua kub qis ntawm 200℃rau 2 teev kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab seem ntawm cov txheej cladding thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg.
Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo npaum li cas yog cov plasma spray vuam hnav-cov txheej tiv thaiv muaj tshaj laser cladding?
Cov cuab yeej siv peev txheej ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag plasma welding hnav- cov txheej txheem tiv taus yog qis dua li ntawm laser cladding. Tus nqi ntawm nws cov khoom siv tshuaj tsuag tsuag tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm cov khoom siv laser cladding, uas yog tsim nyog rau hnav- tiv taus kev kho mob me me thiab nruab nrab batch rails. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag welding hmoov yog qis dua. Tus nqi ntawm hlau-raws li tshuaj tsuag vuam hmoov nrog tib qhov ntau npaum li cas yog 20%-30% qis dua li ntawm cov hmoov laser cladding, uas tuaj yeem txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov plasma tshuaj welding yog siab dua, thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog 40% luv dua li ntawm laser cladding, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj peev xwm ntau lawm thiab txo cov nqi ua haujlwm. Tus nqi poob ntawm cov txheej txheem no qis dua. Lub voj voog hloov ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov phom vuam yog 1000 rails, thaum lub taub hau laser cladding tsuas yog 500 rails, txo cov khoom siv tu cov nqi. Tsis tas li ntawd, plasma spray welding muaj qhov yuav tsum tau qis rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsis muaj plua plav, uas tuaj yeem txuag cov nqi kho dua tshiab, thiab cov nqi sib tw yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Vim li cas thiaj tuaj yeem hnav- cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kom haum rau hnyav- cov kab hauv thaj tsam alpine?
Cov alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm hnav-cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntxiv cov ntsiab lus xws li npib tsib xee thiab chromium, uas tseem tuaj yeem tuav lub hardness saum HRC55 ntawm -40℃qis kub, thiab yuav tsis muaj zog degradation vim tsis kub. Lub zog sib txuas ntawm qhov hnav-cov txheej txheem tiv taus thiab cov kab tsheb ciav hlau yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 350MPa, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm khov -thaw cycles nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam alpine thiab tsis txhob tev ntawm hnav- txheej tiv taus. Lub log -rail kev sib txhuam quab yuam ntawm hnyav- cov kab hauv cov cheeb tsam alpine yog ntau dua, thiab qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm kev hnav- txheej tiv thaiv yog peb npaug ntawm cov kab sib xws, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau. Cov qauv ntom ntom ntawm hnav- txheej txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov dej yaj los ntawm cov daus thiab dej khov los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qis - kub corrosion. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hnav- cov kab hluav taws xob tiv taus muaj zog tiv taus zoo dua. Nyob rau hauv ob qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias load, qhov qaug zog tawg qhov kev loj hlob yog txo los ntawm 50%, ua kom lub sij hawm ntev stability ntawm alpine kab.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm hnav-cov txheej tuab thiab cov kev pabcuam kev tsheb ciav hlau?
Muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov tuab ntawm hnav- txheej tiv thaiv thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov thicker qhov zoo dua, thiab nws yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv ntau yam tsim nyog. Ib qho 1.5mm yooj yim hnav- txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau ob zaug ntawm cov kev sib tw zoo tib yam, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov pa hnyav hnyav- cov kab. 2 hli hnav- txheej tiv thaiv yog tsim rau siab - hnyav hnyav- cov kab, nrog rau kev pab cuam lub neej peb npaug ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam, thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau lub log zoo- txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Yog tias qhov tuab ntawm hnav- txheej tiv thaiv tsawg dua 1 hli, nws cov hnav- cov nyhuv tiv taus raug txwv, thiab kev pabcuam lub neej tsuas yog nce li 30%, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm qis. Yog hais tias lub thickness ntau tshaj 2.5 hli, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv lub nruj ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau lub taub hau, nce lub log -rail cuam tshuam load, thiab es tsis txhob yooj yim ua rau matrix cracking thiab shorten lub neej tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom raug raws li qhov hnav- tiv taus txheej thickness ntawm 1.5-2mm raws li kab qag load thiab ceev kom ua tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm lub neej thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm - qhov chaw kuaj rau hnav - cov txheej txheem resistant?
Nyob rau ntawm -qhov chaw kuaj ntawm hnav- cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv thawj zaug yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas qhov tuab ntawm hnav- txheej tiv thaiv. Ultrasonic thickness gauge yuav tsum tau siv los ntsuam xyuas ib tug ntsuas point ib 'meter' kom paub meej tias lub thickness sib txawv yog tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug zos rau ± 0.2 hli. Thib ob, lub hardness ntawm hnav- txheej yuav tsum tau kuaj. Lub tshuab nqa Rockwell hardness tester yog siv, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntsuas npog qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau, thiab qhov hardness yuav tsum ua tau raws li tus qauv tsim ntawm HRC58-62. Lub xeev kev sib raug zoo ntawm hnav- txheej tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev sim. Kev ntsuam xyuas Penetrant yog yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov kab nrib pleb, thiab kev kuaj ultrasonic yog siv los xyuas cov kev sib raug zoo hauv kev sib raug zoo los tiv thaiv delamination thiab slag suav nrog. Qhov saum npoo roughness ntawm lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau kuj yuav tsum tau sim, thiab qhov roughness yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm Ra1.6-3.2μm. Qhov siab roughness ntau dhau yuav ua rau lub log nce ntxiv - kev sib txhuam ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, thaum qhov roughness ntau dhau yuav ua rau lub log-rail slippage. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi hnav ntawm cov khaub ncaws hnav-tiv taus yog kuaj tsis tu ncua. Thaum tus nqi coj mus txog 0.8 hli, kev tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo yuav tsum tau npaj kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txoj kab khiav haujlwm.