Rail Pad Material Classification thiab Performance Matching
Dab tsi yog cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej siv tau ntawm cov roj hmab hauv qab - cov phiaj xwm tsheb ciav hlau?
Rubber under-rail base plates are the mainstream choice for national standard lines, with outstanding core properties and high cost-effectiveness. Their elastic modulus is controlled at 80-120MPa, which can effectively absorb wheel-rail vibrations, reduce train operation noise, and improve riding comfort. The Shore hardness is 60-70A, combining elasticity and load-bearing capacity, and is widely used in conventional speed railways and some urban rail lines. Rubber base plates have good aging resistance, with a service life of 5-8 years in normal environments and low maintenance costs. However, their performance degrades rapidly in high-temperature (>60 degree) lossis qis-kub (<-30℃) environments, so they are more suitable for lines in temperate, subtropical and other mild climate areas. By adding carbon black, anti-aging agents and other additives, their wear resistance and aging resistance can be further improved, adapting to the long-term operation needs of medium and light-load lines.
Dab tsi ua tau zoo ntawm polyurethane nyob rau hauv -rail puag daim hlau muaj piv nrog roj hmab puag daim hlau?
Polyurethane nyob rau hauv -rail base plates outperform rubber base plates hauv ntau qhov kev ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb thiab yog cov khoom siv rau siab -kawg kab. Lub elastic modulus ntau yog dav (90-150MPa), uas tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kab, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev poob siab ntawm siab - cov kab ceev thiab cov load- cov kabmob uas yuav tsum muaj ntawm hnyav- cov kab khiav. Qhov hnav tsis kam yog 2-3 npaug ntawm cov roj hmab hauv paus daim hlau, nrog rau Shore hardness ntawm 65-75A, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus ntev -lub sij hawm lub log-rail siab yam tsis muaj deformation mus tas li, ncua kev pab cuam lub neej mus rau 10-15 xyoo. Nws muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev thiab kub tsis kam; Lub elastic rov qab tus nqi yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 90% nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm -40℃mus rau 80 degree, haum rau alpine, kub-kub thiab lwm yam huab cua huab cua. Lub zog tsim kua muag ntawm polyurethane puag daim hlau yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 15kN / m, 50% siab dua li ntawm cov roj hmab hauv paus daim hlau, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau kev puas tsuaj, tawg thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Txawm hais tias tus nqi yog 30-50% siab dua li cov roj hmab hauv paus daim hlau, xav txog kev pabcuam lub neej thiab cov nqi kho mob, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab siv dav hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev thiab cov kab hnyav.
Dab tsi yog tus qauv tsim thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios ntawm txawv teb chaws tus qauv polyethylene nyob rau hauv -rail base plates?
Txawv teb chaws tus qauv polyethylene nyob rau hauv - tsheb ciav hlau puag daim hlau siv siab - ntom polyethylene (HDPE) raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov qauv tsim thiab hloov mus rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Lub elastic modulus yog qis (70-90MPa), nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev poob siab, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov siab- zaus vibrations, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog thiab lwm yam xwm txheej uas muaj suab nrov tswj kev xav tau. Cov khoom siv nws tus kheej muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev thiab kev laus ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev ntsuas ntsev ntsev lub neej Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 5000 teev, haum rau cov ntug dej hiav txwv, saline -alkali thiab lwm qhov chaw corrosive. Kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm polyethylene puag daim hlau yog tsawg (tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.3), uas tuaj yeem txo kev sib txhuam thiab hnav nrog lub hauv paus kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab tiv thaiv kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Txais yuav tus qauv tsim qauv nrog qhov siab qhov tseeb (kev sib txawv Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau ± 0.5mm), nws muaj qhov zoo hloov pauv rau txawv teb chaws tus qauv rails thiab fastening systems. Txawm li cas los xij, cov load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm kuj tsis muaj zog, nrog lub zog compressive tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 20MPa, yog li nws yog siv rau hauv nruab nrab thiab lub teeb-load kab nrog kev xav tau siab, xws li tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog thiab suburban railways.
Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv qab - cov kab tsheb ciav hlau rau ntau hom kab?
Cov kab sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm, muab cov kev xav tau rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv qab -rail base plates. Cov pa tsheb ciav hlau ceev (ceev tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 160 km / h) tsom rau tus nqi- kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov roj hmab hauv paus phaj kom ua tau raws li qhov yooj yim nqus thiab thauj khoom- cov kev xav tau. High- txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev (ceev ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 250 km / h) muaj qhov xav tau siab rau kev poob siab, hnav tsis kam thiab qhov raug; polyurethane puag daim hlau yog thawj qhov kev xaiv los xyuas kom meej siab smoothness thiab ntev kev pab cuam lub neej. Hnyav-haul railways (axle load Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 25t) yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm thiab hnav tsis kam, thiab xaiv polyurethane puag daim hlau lossis cov roj hmab zoo dua qub nrog cov khoom siv elastic siab (120{15}}150MPa). Kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog muaj kev txwv nruj rau kev tswj lub suab nrov; polyethylene puag daim hlau los yog tsawg elastic modulus polyurethane puag daim hlau tuaj yeem xaiv los txo cov suab nrov. Cov kab hauv thaj tsam alpine yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom txias-cov paib tiv thaiv polyurethane puag, thaum siab -kub thiab siab- thaj chaw av noo yuav tsum tau ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion-resistant polyethylene lossis polyurethane puag daim hlau kom ruaj khov.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub thickness tsim nyob rau hauv -rail base daim hlau thiab kab sib hais?
Lub thickness tsim nyob rau hauv -rail puag daim hlau yuav tsum tag nrho xav txog kab kev sib hais haum, thiab them nyiaj rau kev sib hais los ntawm kev xaiv thickness tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej txoj hauj lwm geometric. Feem ntau siv cov thickness ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau rau cov kab zoo tib yam yog 10-12mm, uas tuaj yeem tiv nrog me ntsis kev sib haum xeeb tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 5 hli thiab tswj kev khiav du. Cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev sib haum xeeb (xws li cov av mos thiab swamps) yuav tsum tau siv cov phaj tuab tuab ntawm 12-16mm los khaws qhov chaw them nyiaj; Thaum qhov kev sib hais haum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 10 hli, theem tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev hloov kho yam tsis tau hloov lub hauv paus phaj. Lub thickness ntawm lub hauv paus phaj yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev sib koom tes nrog elastic modulus; thickened puag daim hlau yuav tsum tau sib phim nrog ib tug tsim nyog elastic modulus kom tsis txhob muaj tsis txaus rigidity tshwm sim los ntawm ntau zog thickness thiab cuam tshuam rau load- bearing muaj peev xwm. High-speed railways muaj kev xav tau siab heev rau kev tswj kev sib hais haum; Lub thickness sib txawv ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 0.2 hli, thiab los ntawm cov tuab tuab tsim thiab kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua, kev sib haum xeeb yog ib txwm nyob hauv qhov kev tso cai. Lub thickness tsim kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom haum rau hom kev tsheb nqaj hlau hauv qab; ballasted lem tuaj yeem siv cov phaj tuab tuab, thaum ballastless lem yuav tsum tswj cov tuab kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txoj kev.