Vim Li Cas Hnyav -Haul Lines Outgrow Standard Fishplates
Lub phaj phaj (chaw sib koom ua ke) hloov lub sijhawm khoov hla lub tsheb ciav hlau sib koom ua ke los ntawm nws ntu thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm lub bolted clamping. Nyob rau hauv hnyav- cov kab nrog qag loads ntawm 25-30 t, lub sijhawm dabtsi yog khoov ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke thiab qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm lub log flats nyob deb tshaj li qhov me me steel phaj ntawm Q235 tsev neeg tuaj yeem nqa tau: yield zog ze 235 MPa txhais tau tias thaum ntxov yas deformation, tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam lub zog txhais tau hais tias brittlegue tawg nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, thiab ib tug tsawg qaug zog tsis pub dhau lub xyoo bar. Alloy steel fishplates daws qhov no los ntawm kev txhawb nqa tag nrho peb lub zog ib zaug los ntawm kev tswj cov alloying thiab kev kho cua sov.
Alloy Design: 40CrNiMoA Cov Qauv
Cov tub ntxhais kawm qib yog 40CrNiMoA alloy structural steel ib GB / T 3077, nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tsau nyob rau hauv nruj bands:
| Lub ntsiab | Ntau yam ntawm GB / T 3077 | Lub luag haujlwm hauv fishplate kev ua haujlwm |
|---|---|---|
| Cov pa roj carbon (C) | 0.37-0.44% | Lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab hardenability; siab heev lowers toughness, tsawg dhau loses zog |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.60-0.90% | Txhim kho hardenability, tensile zog thiab corrosion kuj |
| Nickel (Ni) | 1.25-1.65% | Nce qis-kub toughness; nce mus rau 0.5-1.0% additive ntau yam hauv alpine qib |
| Molybdenum (hli) | 0.15-0.25% | Refines nplej, txhim kho tempering stability thiab siab -kub lub zog |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.50-0.80% | Deoxidizer thiab hardenability contributor |
| Sulfur / phosphorus | Tsis pub tshaj 0.025% txhua | Tswj los tiv thaiv embrittlement thiab inclusions |
Cov npib tsib xee-molybdenum ua ke yog dab tsi cais cov qib no los ntawm cov dawb quenched- thiab - tempered steel: npib tsib xee tuav cov kev cuam tshuam toughness mus rau -40 C thiab hauv qab no, thiab molybdenum ua kom lub tempered qauv ruaj khov yog li lub zog tsis ploj tom qab kev kho cua sov.
Mechanical Property Targets los ntawm Axle Load
| Kab ua haujlwm | Lub zog tensile | Kev cuam tshuam lub zog | Fatigue lub neej phiaj |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 t qag load, throughput tshaj 1000 Mt -km ib xyoo | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1100 MPa | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 70 J ntawm -40 C | Tsis tsawg tshaj li 6 lab lub voj voog |
| 25t qag load, 500-1000 Mt-km ib xyoos twg | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1000 MPa | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 60 J ntawm -40 C | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 5 lab lub voj voog |
| 20 t qag load, mus txog 500 Mt -km ib xyoo | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 900 MPa | Tsis pub tsawg tshaj 50 J ntawm -20 C | Tsis tsawg tshaj li 4 lab lub voj voog |
Thoob plaws hauv cov qib, lub zog tawm los yog tsawg kawg yog 800 MPa nrog qhov sib piv ntawm 0.8, muab cov yas deformation margin ua ntej tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab hardness tom qab kev kho cua sov zaum ntawm HRC 35-40 nrog hnav tsis kam zoo saum cov hlau me me fishplates. Rau qhov siab - qhov siab thiab qhov chaw txias txias, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam nce mus rau 50 J ntawm -50 C, uas cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee yog qhov loj los xa.
Kev kho cua sov: Quench thiab Temper
Cov alloy khwv tau nws cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub quench - thiab - temper cycle. Austenitize ntawm 840-860 C rau 30{15}}40 feeb kom cov ntsiab lus alloying tag nrho yaj; roj quench nrog qhov cua txias ib ncig ntawm 20-30 C / s los ua ib qho martensite, ncav cuag HRC 55-60; ces temper ntawm 580-600 C rau 2-3 teev los hloov lub martensite mus rau hauv tempered sorbite, uas combines siab zog nrog siab toughness, thiab cua txias ntawm 5-10 C / s kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab tawg. Hardness tom qab tempering ntog mus rau HRC 35-40, piv rau lub hom phiaj tsim. Txhua qhov kev kho cua sov batch yog kuaj ntawm tus nqi tsis pub tsawg tshaj 5% rau tensile thiab cuam tshuam kev txheeb xyuas, thiab cov phaj tsis tsim nyog tau rov kho dua los yog muab pov tseg es tsis yog downgraded.
Installation thiab Maintenance Control
Alloy fishplate tsuas yog zoo li nws cov installation. Ntxuav cov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub phaj ntses thiab lub vev xaib kom haum qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.2 hli lossis tsawg dua, tshem tawm xeb, roj thiab burrs. Tighten bolts nyob rau hauv ib tug symmetrical cross sequence rau lub torque teev, 450-500 N-m rau 30 t qag load kab thiab 400-450 N-m rau 25 t kab, yog li lub clamping quab yuam yog txawm. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, xyuas qhov sib koom ua ke: qhov siab sib txawv ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau tsis ntau tshaj 0.3 hli thiab lateral misalignment tsis ntau tshaj 0.2 hli. Hauv kev pabcuam, tshuaj xyuas cov pob qij txha hnyav txhua 3 lub hlis, hloov cov phaj phaj thaum cov kab nrib pleb ntau tshaj 5 hli lossis deformation ntau dua 1 hli, thiab rov nruj bolts txhua 6 lub hlis txhawm rau them nyiaj ua ntej poob los ntawm kev co.
FAQ
Q1: Vim li cas cov phaj hlau alloy xav tau ntawm hnyav- cov kab tsheb?Cov ntses me me ua rau cov yas, tawg thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab ua tsis tau thaum ntxov ntawm qaug zog hauv qab 25-30 t qag loads; alloy fishplates tsa lub zog, toughness thiab qaug zog lub neej ua ke.
Q2: Dab tsi steel qib yog siv rau siab -lub zog fishplates?40CrNiMoA alloy structural steel ib GB / T 3077, nrog carbon 0.37-0.44%, chromium 0.60-0.90%, nickel 1.25-1.65% thiab molybdenum 0.15-0.25%.
Q3: Cov khoom siv dab tsi ua rau cov ntses ntses xa tuaj?Tensile lub zog ntawm 900-1100 MPa los ntawm kab dej num, cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm 50-70 J ntawm -40 C lossis -50 C rau cov cheeb tsam txias, qaug zog lub neej ntawm 4-6 lab cycles, thiab hardness HRC 35-40.
Q4: Dab tsi yog qhov kev kho cua sov rau cov ntses phaj?Austenitizing ntawm 840-860 C, roj quenching rau HRC 55-60, tempering ntawm 580-600 C rau 2-3 teev, thiab tswj cua txias rau qhov kawg hardness ntawm HRC 35-40.
Q5: Yuav ua li cas yog alloy fishplate pob qij txha tswj?Ntxuav haum nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.2 hli los yog tsawg dua, hla- sib txuas ntsia liaj qhov rooj zawm rau 400-500 N-m, tshuaj xyuas txhua 3 lub hlis ntawm cov kab hnyav, thiab hloov thaum tawg ntau tshaj 5 hli lossis deformation ntau tshaj 1 hli.