Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub railway infrastructure, tswj cov longitudinal stability ntawm txoj kev khiav yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej kev nyab xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txo nqi txij nkawm. Ntawm cov qauv kev teeb tsa hauv North America thiab thoob ntiaj teb, cov115 RE railua ke nrog sib haum115 lb rail thauj tog rau nkojsawv cev rau cov qauv siv dav dav rau qhov nruab nrab - mus rau - hnyav - cov kab tsheb thauj mus los, kev sib txuas sib txuas, thiab kev lag luam spur lem.
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tham txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm 115RE rail thiab 115 lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj, lawv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm, kev faib tawm raws li AREMA cov lus qhia, thiab cov kev xav txog kev teeb tsa.
1. Dimensions thiab Specifications ntawm 115RE Rail
Cov "115 RA" designation denotes a specific rail section standardized by the American Railway Engineering and Maintenance -ntawm -Way Association (AREMA). "115" yog hais txog nws qhov hnyav ntawm 115 phaus ib yard (kwv yees li 56.9 kg / m).
Txhawm rau ua kom lub tsheb thauj khoom thauj mus los ua haujlwm raws li tau npaj tseg, nws cov kev tsim khoom yuav tsum ua kom haum rau lub hauv paus profile ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Hauv qab no yog cov qauv engineering qhov ntev ntawm 115RE rail seem:
| Parameter | Txheem ntsuas (Imperial) | Kev ntsuas tus qauv (Metric) |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal Nyhav | 114.7 lbs/yd | 56.9 kg / m |
| Rail Qhov siab | 6-5/8 nti | 168.28 hli |
| Lub hauv paus dav (ko taw) | 5-1/2 nti | 139.70mm 3 |
| Lub taub hau dav | 2-11/16 po | 68.26mm 3 |
| Web Thickness | 5/8 nti | 15.88mm 3 |
Vim hais tias rail anchors yog clamped ncaj qha mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm rail, lubLub hauv paus dav ntawm 5-1 / 2 nti (139.70 mm)yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab tsim thiab haum ntawm 115lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj.
2. Txoj Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm ntawm Rail Anchors
Rail anchorsyog ib qho -thooj caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel fasteners siv rau hauv qab ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Lawv tau tsim los zaum nruj rau ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj hlua khi (sleepers) lossis khi daim hlau. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog:
- Tswj Rail Creep:Kev txav mus ntev ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau -paub tias yog "creep"- yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, lub zog nres ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, thiab thermal expansion lossis contraction. Cov thauj tog rau nkoj hloov cov kev ncua ntev ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau hauv kev sib txuas thiab ballast txaj.
- Txhim kho Joint Gaps:Hauv kev sib koom ua ke, cov tsheb ciav hlau thauj tog rau nkoj pab tswj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev sib tw khiav.
- Kev Ruaj Ntseg Nruam Welded Rail (CWR):Hauv CWR systems, qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ntxhov siab. Cov thauj tog rau nkoj, nrog rau cov khoom siv ballast, txwv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo thaum huab cua kub thiab rub- sib nrug thaum huab cua txias.
3. Hom 115lb Rail Anchors
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam feem ntau siv ob qho qauv tsim ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau thauj tog rau nkoj rau 115lb rail systems. Ob leeg yog tsim los ntawm siab - carbon lossis alloy caij nplooj ntoos hlav steels thiab cua sov- kho kom ntseeg tau tias tuav lub zog zoo ib yam.
A. Tsav- Ntawm Anchors (Fair Style)
Feem ntau hu ua "Kev Txhim Kho Ncaj Ncees" lossis tsav- ntawm cov qauv, cov thauj tog rau nkoj no muaj qhov hnyav, lub puab tsaig-zoo li tsim. Nws yog ntsia los ntawm kev tso ib qho kawg ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab tsav qhov kawg mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub hauv paus siv lub maul lossis lub tshuab siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Tus tsim muab ib tug dav bearing cheeb tsam tiv thaiv lub khi phaj thiab khi lub ntsej muag.
B. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav-Tom Anchors (Unit/Channeloc Style)
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav- hom thauj tog rau nkoj (xws li Chav Tsev lossis Channeloc tsim) siv lub zog, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav- ua haujlwm voj. Lawv tau thov nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus rail thiab snapped rau hauv qhov chaw. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nro muab ob - txoj kev sib cuag, tuav lub hauv paus kev tsheb nqaj hlau kom ruaj ntseg. Cov thauj tog rau nkoj no feem ntau haum rau me ntsis kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau puag thickness vim hnav.
| Lub npe | Rail Anchors | ||
| Hom | Siv rau 50Kg, 85Kg, 90/91LB, 115RE / 136RE, UIC54 & UIC60 rail | ||
| Los yog hom los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom kos duab | |||
| Khoom siv | 60 Si2MnA | 45# | QT500-7 |
| Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg (%) | C: 0.56-0.64, Mn: 0.60-0.90, Si: 1.60-2.00, Cr: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.35, P: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.03, S: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.03 | C: 0.42-0.50, Mn: 0.50-0.80, Si: 0.17-0.37, Cr: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.25, P: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.035, S: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.035 | C: 3.60-3.80, Mn: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.6, Si: 2.50-2.90, P: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.08, S: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.025 |
| Nto | tiaj ( oiled), xim painting | ||
4. AREMA Standards thiab Performance Criteria
Raws li AREMA Phau Ntawv Qhia rau Railway Engineering (Tshooj 4: Rail), siab - cov tsheb ciav hlau zoo yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm nruj kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv kev thauj khoom:
- Slip Resistance:Ib tug qauv tshiab siv rail thauj tog rau nkoj yog feem ntau xav kom tiv taus ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus longitudinal quab yuam ua ntej slipping raws rail puag.
Fracture Resistance:Cov hlau yuav tsum muaj qhov txaus ductility thiab hardness (feem ntau teev nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam Brinell los yog Rockwell C hardness ntau yam) kom tsis txhob tawg thaum lub sij hawm installation los yog nyob rau hauv lub txias txias.
Reusability:Rail thauj tog rau nkoj yog tsim los khaws cov feem pua ntawm lawv qhov qub tuav quab yuam thaum tshem tawm thiab rov siv dua thaum lub sij hawm tu, yog tias lawv tsis dhau - ncab.
5. Daim ntawv thov thiab kev teeb tsa zoo tshaj plaws
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm 115lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj tso siab rau ntau qhov kev teeb tsa thiab cov txheej txheem:
- Tag nrho cov kabmob:Lub thauj tog rau nkoj yuav tsum tau muab ntsia kom nws ntsug lub ntsej muag rests tightly tiv thaiv khi los yog khi phaj. Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj thiab khi txo nws cov kev ua tau zoo, cia cov tsheb ciav hlau txav mus ua ntej lub thauj tog rau nkoj.
- Symmetrical Anchoring:Txhawm rau tswj kev txav mus los ntawm ob qho kev qhia, cov thauj tog rau nkoj feem ntau tau teeb tsa hauv cov khub ntawm sab nraud ntawm tib txoj hlua khi (hu ua "lub thawv anchoring").
- Anchoring Patterns:Hauv kev sib koom ua ke, cov qauv kev coj ua feem ntau hais txog lub thawv thauj khoom ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntev (piv txwv li, 8 mus rau 16 ties ntawm 39-foot rail), nyob ntawm seb cov tsheb ceev thiab qib. Continuous Welded Rail (CWR) feem ntau yuav tsum muaj cov qauv sib txuas ntau dua, qee zaum khi txhua txoj hlua khi los yog txhua qhov khi thib ob ze rau thaj chaw tseem ceeb xws li kev sib tw thiab kev sib tw.
Cov lus nug nquag nug (FAQ)
Q1: Puas tuaj yeem siv 115lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj ntawm 136RE rail seem?
Tsis yog. Ib tus qauv 136RE rail muaj lub hauv paus dav ntawm 6 ntiv tes (152.4 mm), hos 115RE rail muaj lub hauv paus dav ntawm 5-1/2 ntiv tes (139.7 mm). Lub 115lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj yuav tsis haum 136lb rail puag. Kev sim quab yuam-haum tsis haum cov thauj tog rau nkoj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj los yog tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus fastening.
Q2: Dab tsi yog "box anchoring" thiab vim li cas nws thiaj siv?
Lub thawv anchoring yog kev xyaum ntawm kev txhim kho ob lub tsheb thauj mus los ntawm tib txoj hlua khi -ib qho ntawm txhua sab ntawm txoj hlua khi ntawm tib lub tsheb ciav hlau. Qhov no tiv thaiv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm kev txav mus rau ob qho tib si (ob qho tib si rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab). Nws muab ob -txoj kev longitudinal restraint tiv thaiv thermal expansion thiab bidirectional tsheb.
Q3: Kev hloov pauv kub li cas cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 115lb rail thauj tog rau nkoj?
Kub viav vias ua rau txoj hlua nthuav dav hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab cog lus rau lub caij ntuj no. Yog tias tsis tsim nyog thiab haum rau cov tsheb ciav hlau thauj tog rau nkoj, cov rog no tuaj yeem ua rau taug qab buckling (hnub kinks) lossis kev tsheb ciav hlau rub - sib nrug. Cov thauj tog rau nkoj hloov cov thermal quab yuam los ntawm kev sib txuas thiab mus rau hauv lub ballast, qhov twg qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub txaj ballast stabilizes tus qauv khiav.
Q4: Puas yog tsav- ntawm cov thauj tog rau nkoj zoo dua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav- hom thauj tog rau nkoj rau 115RE rails?
Ob qho tib si yeej muaj pov thawj zoo thaum tsim khoom rau AREMA cov qauv. Tsav- ntawm cov thauj tog rau nkoj muab thaj chaw loj, ruaj khov tiv thaiv txoj hlua khi thiab tiv taus kev puas tsuaj. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav- hom thauj tog rau nkoj yog feem ntau nyiam rau lawv cov resilience thiab yooj yim ntawm installation nyob rau hauv tej yam automated txij nkawm teeb.