Steel Rails yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau uas tau muab tso rau hauv ob txoj kab sib txuas kom muab qhov txuas ntxiv, ruaj khov thiab theem saum npoo rau kev khiav tsheb ciav hlau.
Hom hlau twg yog txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau?
Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov qib siab - zoo, kub- dov nruab nrab- carbon steel, nrog rau kev ntxiv manganese, thiab qee zaum chromium, vanadium, los yog niobium los txhim kho hardness, hnav tsis kam, thiab tawg toughness xav tau los tiv thaiv hnyav thiab ceev ceev. Qhov no steel muaj pes tsawg leeg muab lub toughness thiab durability tseem ceeb rau cov ntsia hlau, nrog rau saum npoo hardening feem ntau thov rau ntxiv zog.
Cov Khoom Tseem Ceeb & Cov Khoom:
- Carbon (0.7% -0.8%): Qhov tseem ceeb rau hardness thiab lub zog.
- Manganese (0.7% -1.3%): Txhim kho hardenability thiab hnav tsis kam.
- Alloying Elements (Cr, V, Nb): Ntxiv lub zog thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, sau tseg Railroad Track Kev muag khoom.
- Kev kho cua sov: Feem ntau siv (xws li quenching thiab tempering) los kho cov microstructure, ua kom muaj zog thiab ua kom lub neej ntev.
| Qib Steel | C(%) | Si | Mn | Cr | V | P | S | Tensile zog (Rm / MPa) |
| ua 71mn | 0.65~0.76 | 0.15~0.58 | 0.70~1.40 | – | – | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.035 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.030 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 880 |
| U75V | 0.71~0.80 | 0.50~0.80 | 0.75~1.05 | – | 0.04~0.12 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.035 | Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.030 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 980 |
| Q235B | Cov cuab yeej cuab tam | Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg (%) | |||||||||
| Yield zog | Tensile zog | Elongation | Hardness | C | Si | Mn | S | P | |||
| MPa | kg/mm² | MPa | kg/mm² | min | HB | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug | |||
| Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | ||||||||||
| 235 | 24 | 375-460 | 38-47 | 26% | 0.12-0.22 | 0.35 | 0.30-0.70 | 0.045 | 0.045 | ||
| 55Q | Cov cuab yeej cuab tam | Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg (%) | |||||||||
| Yield zog | Tensile zog | Elongation | Hardness | C | Si | Mn | S | P | |||
| MPa | kg/mm² | MPa | kg/mm² | min | HBW | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug | Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug | ||||
| Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug | |||||||
| 685 | 69 | 197 | 0.50-0.60 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | ||||
Cov qauv sib txawv rau steel rail
Steel rail qauv sib txawv thoob ntiaj teb, sib txawv hauv naming (kg / m vs. lbs / yd), qhov ntev (qhov siab, dav), cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg (carbon / manganese qib), thiab daim ntawv thov tsom xam, nrog rau cov tshuab loj xws li European (EN / UIC), American (AREMA / ASTM), Japanese (JIS), thiab Suav (GB / T) cov qauv, txhua lub hom phiaj los muab lub zog, hnav tsis kam, thiab kev ruaj ntseg. hnyav- thauj mus rau lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau.
Cov qauv tseem ceeb thoob ntiaj teb
- European (EN/UIC): Siv kg/m (xws li, 60E1 rau 60kg/m), nrog rau tej profiles xws li UIC 54, 60. tsom rau toughness thiab weldability (xws li, C45E steel).
| Qauv: UIC860 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loj | Qhov Loj (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
Ntev (m) | |||
| Lub taub hau | Qhov siab | Hauv qab | Thickness | |||
| UAS 50 | 70 | 152 | 125 | 15 | 50.46 | 12-25 |
| UAS 54 | 70 | 159 | 140 | 16 | 54.43 | |
| UAS 60 | 74.3 | 172 | 150 | 16.5 | 60.21 | |
- Neeg Asmeskas (AREMA/ASTM): Siv phaus ib yard (piv txwv li, 136RE rau 136 lbs / yd), nrog rau cov profiles xws li 115RE, 132RE.
| ASTM txuj, AREMA txuj | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loj | Qhov Loj (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
Ntev (m) | |||
| Lub taub hau | Qhov siab | Ko taw | Thickness | |||
| UAS 25 | 38.1 | 69.85 | 69.85 | 7.54 | 12.4 | 6-12 |
| UAS 30 | 42.86 | 79.38 | 79.38 | 8.33 | 14.88 | |
| UAS 40 | 47.62 | 88.9 | 88.9 | 9.92 | 19.84 | |
| UAS 60 | 60.32 | 107.95 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 29.76 | |
| TIAB SA 75 | 62.71 | 122.24 | 122.24 | 13.49 | 37.2 | 12-25 |
| TIAB SA 85 | 65.09 | 131.76 | 131.76 | 14.29 | 42.17 | |
| TIAB SA 90 | 69.09 | 130.18 | 142.88 | 14.29 | 44.65 | |
| TIAB SA 115 | 69.06 | 139.7 | 168.28 | 15.88 | 56.9 | |
| TIAB SA 136 | 74.61 | 152.4 | 185.74 | 17.46 | 67.41 | |
| TIAB SA 175 | 109.86 | 152.4 | 152.4 | 38.1 | 86.8 | |
- Japanese (JIS): Siv N (Tshiab) cov npe (xws li, 50N, 60N) rau 50kg, 60kg / m rails, ntxiv rau cov laus xws li 37kg, 50kg.
| Txheem: JIS E 1103/1101 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loj | Qhov Loj (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
Ntev (m) | |||
| Lub taub hau | Qhov siab | Hauv qab | Thickness | |||
| JIS 15 KG | 42.86 | 79.37 | 79.37 | 8.33 | 15.2 | 9-10 |
| JIS 22 KG | 50.8 | 93.66 | 93.66 | 10.72 | 22.3 | 9-10 |
| JIS 30 A | 60.33 | 107.95 | 107.95 | 12.3 | 30.1 | 9-10 |
| SIB 37A | 62.71 | 122.24 | 122.24 | 13.49 | 37.2 | 10-25 |
| JIS 50 N | 65 | 153 | 127 | 15 | 50.4 | 10-25 |
| SIB 73 | 100 | 135 | 140 | 32 | 73.3 | 10-12 |
| CR 100 | 120 | 150 | 155 | 39 | 100.2 | 10-12 |
- British (BS): suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv xws li BS75A, BS100A, BS113A, feem ntau rau cov ntawv siv sib dua lossis cov kab laus.
| Qauv: BS11: 1985 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loj | Qhov Loj (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) |
Ntev (m) | |||
| Lub taub hau | Qhov siab | Hauv qab | Thickness | |||
| 50 O | 52.39 | 100.01 | 100.01 | 10.32 | 24.833 | 6-18 |
| 60 A | 57.15 | 114.3 | 109.54 | 11.11 | 30.618 | |
| 75 A | 61.91 | 128.59 | 114.3 | 12.7 | 37.455 | 8-25 |
| 75 R | 61.91 | 128.59 | 122.24 | 13.1 | 37.041 | |
| 80 A | 63.5 | 133.35 | 117.47 | 13.1 | 39.761 | |
| 80 R | 63.5 | 133.35 | 127 | 13.49 | 39.674 | |
| 90 A | 66.67 | 142.88 | 127 | 13.89 | 45.099 | |
| 100 A | 69.85 | 152.4 | 133.35 | 15.08 | 50.182 | |
| 113 A | 69.85 | 158.75 | 139.7 | 20 | 56.398 | |
- Suav (GB / T): Siv cov ntsuas qhov hnyav (piv txwv li, 50kg / m, 60kg / m) thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo li U71Mn rau kev thauj khoom hnyav.
| Kev faib tawm | Qhov siab (mm) | Lub taub hau (mm) | Hauv qab (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) | |
| Lub Teeb Rail | 8 KG / M | 65 | 25 | 54 | 7 | 8.42 |
| 9 KG / M | 63.5 | 32.1 | 63.5 | 5.9 | 8.94 | |
| 12 KG / M | 69.85 | 38.1 | 69.85 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15 KG / M | 79.37 | 42.86 | 79.37 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18 KG / M | 80 | 40 | 80 | 10 | 18.06 | |
| Kev faib tawm | Qhov siab (mm) | Lub taub hau (mm) | Hauv qab (mm) | Thickness (mm) | Qhov hnyav (kg / m) | |
| Heavy Rail | 38 KG / M | 134 | 68 | 114 | 13 | 38.733 |
| 43 KG / M | 140 | 70 | 114 | 14.5 | 44.653 | |
| 45 KG / M | 145 | 67 | 126 | 14.5 | 45.546 | |
| 50 KG / M | 152 | 70 | 132 | 15.5 | 51.514 | |
| 60 KG / M | 176 | 73 | 150 | 16.5 | 60.64 | |
| Kev faib tawm | SIZE (mm) | theoretical luj | |||||||||
| qhov siab | hauv qab dav | taub hau dav | lub duav tob | ||||||||
| Crane rail | qw 70 | 120 | 120 | 70 | 28 | 52.8 | |||||
| qw 80 | 130 | 130 | 80 | 32 | 63.69 | ||||||
| QU 100 | 150 | 150 | 100 | 38 | 88.96 | ||||||
| qw 120 | 170 | 170 | 120 | 44 | 118.1 | ||||||
Txij xyoo 2008,GNEE RAILtau muab steel rails ntawm cov qib sib txawv rau ntau tshaj 18 xyoo, steel rails los ntawm GNEE yog heev recommened nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thiab txawv teb chaws.Wtih txiav ntug khoom, GNEE ua tau zoo steel rails uas tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm feem ntau lub teb chaws. Standard rail, lub taub hau hardened rail, hnyav rail, lub teeb rail, crane rail thiab lwm yam yog tag nrho cov muaj nyob ntawm no, raws li ib tug ntawm cov Tuam Tshoj lub ntsiab rail tsum, GNEE RAIL tau ua hauj lwm rau muab kev lag luam ntsuab railway khoom thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no.