1. Yuav ua li cas APM Guideway txawv ntawm ib tug Main Line
Cov neeg siv lub tshuab txav tau khiav ntawm txoj kev taw qhia nrog me me rail seem, nruj kab rov tav nkhaus (radii mus rau kwv yees li 20-40 m hauv thaj chaw davhlau ya nyob twg), gradients ntxhab (txog 6-8% hauv qee lub tshuab) thiab nquag nres hauv kev tswj tsis siv neeg. Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog sib zog dua li txoj kab tsheb loj, lub tsheb ciav hlau sib dua, thiab lub log profile yog tsim los rau kev taw qhia ntau npaum li kev thauj khoom. Vim tias lub kaw lus tsis muaj kev tsav tsheb thiab khiav ntawm txoj kev luv luv, kev sib koom ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm lossis kev ua txhaum ntawm lub voj voog nres tag nrho cov kab, thiab lub qhov rais saib xyuas feem ntau txwv rau hmo ntuj kaw ntawm ob peb teev. Cov xwm txheej no hloov qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau sib koom ua ke: kev sib dhos precision, hluav taws xob kev ntseeg tau, hloov pauv sai thiab kev kwv yees kev puas tsuaj ntau dua li qhov kawg ntawm lub zog ib leeg.
Ob tsev neeg cov qauv siv. Thawj yog lub bolted fishplate sib koom ua ke nrog cov qauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau, siv qhov kev saib xyuas zoo thiab tsis tas yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov thib ob yog qhov sib koom ua ke thiab cov sib koom ua ke insulated, nyob rau hauv uas lub phaj phaj yog sib koom ua ke rau lub vev xaib kev tsheb nqaj hlau nrog cov qauv nplaum, nrog lossis tsis muaj bolts. Cov pob qij txha sib faib cov khoom thauj hla lub phaj ntev, tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub qhov ntsia hlau, thiab muab qhov nruj thiab qhov sib txawv uas ib qho me me -section rail xav tau ntawm qhov nkhaus nruj.
2. Hom kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev xav tau
| Kev xav tau | Kev daws teeb meem ntawm APM cov lus qhia | Vim li cas thiaj tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Alignment precision | Machined fishplates, 4-6 bolt pob qij txha, tswj qhov sib txawv li ntawm 1 hli | Ua kom lub log kev taw qhia du ntawm 10-20 mm gauge kam rau ua; zam lub suab nrov |
| Kev cais hluav taws xob | Bonded insulated sib koom ua ke nrog iav-cov yas los yog cov rwb thaiv tsev sib xyaw | Sib cais cov kab hluav taws xob rau kev tshawb nrhiav tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev tiv thaiv tsheb ciav hlau tsis siv neeg |
| Load hloov | Ntev glued fishplates; bolts tsuas yog qhov xav tau rau kev ua tsis tiav - ruaj ntseg | Tsis txhob drilling qhov nyob rau hauv nyias rail webs; tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab concentration |
| Tsawg suab nrov | Nruam welded los yog glued pob qij txha nyob rau hauv chaw nres tsheb zones; damped fishplates | Lub suab nrov ntawm cov tuam tsev davhlau ya nyob twg yog qhov teeb meem kev tso cai thiab kev nplij siab |
| Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws | Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv raws li EN 45545-2 phom sij | Tshav dav hlau thiab underground seem yuav tsum muaj pa taws tsawg thiab nplaim taws kis tau |
| Dej ntws | Cov pob qij txha kaw, cov dej ntws tawm, kev tiv thaiv corrosion | Cov dej sawv ntsug ua rau cov kab sib txuas ua ke thiab ua kom muaj corrosion |
3. Tsim kev tsom xam thiab cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam
Finite lub ntsiab tsom xam ntawm APM kev tsheb nqaj hlau pob qij txha tsom rau plaub qhov ntau: kev sib cuag kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub log thiab kev sib koom ua ke, thauj khoom faib raws li tus ntses phaj, bolt preload cuam tshuam, thiab lub zog cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib txawv. Vim hais tias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau me me, qhov khoov nruj ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke yog dominated los ntawm fishplate geometry, thiab kev tsom xam yuav tsum suav nrog cov nplaum txheej thickness thiab nws cov shear modulus. Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov nplaum nplaum qhia pom qhov loj dua qhov deflection tab sis qis qis siab ntawm cov phaj kawg; ib daim ntawv cog lus khov kho thauj khoom sai sai tab sis concentrates strain ntawm lub phaj kawg. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog pom los ntawm kev tsom xam, tsis yog los ntawm kev theej lub ntsiab - kab tsim.
Lub log plam yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb ntawm APM: kev tsav tsheb tsis siv neeg ntawm cov gradients ntub ua rau qee lub sijhawm plam, uas ua rau lub tsheb ciav hlau ua kom sov thiab ua rau cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Kev sib koom ua ke yuav tsum zam qhov kev tso cua sov no, thiab nplawm- cov seem yog haum nrog rail lubrication lossis traction tswj ntsuas. Tib qhov kev ntub dej ua rau cov dej ntws ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke: thaj chaw sib koom ua ke tau kaw kom tsis txhob muaj dej tawm ntawm cov kab ntawv cog lus, thiab cov kav dej hauv cov kev taw qhia tiv thaiv cov pas dej uas tuaj yeem rov khov thiab ua rau lub caij ntuj no puas. Rwb thaiv tsev qhov chaw yuav tsum tau khaws cia tsis muaj hluav taws xob grime; Kev tu ncua sij hawm ntawm insulated sib koom qhov khoob yog ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas kev tswj hwm.
4. Cov ntsiab lus xaiv thiab kev yuav khoom
Qhia txog kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab qib kev tsheb nqaj hlau ua ntej: lub phaj ntses thiab cov nplaum yuav tsum phim qhov tseeb rail profile thiab nws lub taub hau dav.
Rau kev tswj lub tsheb ciav hlau tsis siv neeg, paub meej tias qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev sib koom ua ke insulated pob qij txha (feem ntau nyob rau hauv megohm ntau yam tom qab kev teeb tsa) thiab kev nkag mus deb ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Yuav tsum tau finite caij validation rau pob qij txha ntawm curves hauv qab roughly 100 m vojvoog; tus qauv tseem ceeb- kab ntses phaj tsis tuaj yeem haum.
Tshawb xyuas kev faib hluav taws kub tiv thaiv EN 45545-2 rau kev qhia hauv tshav dav hlau thiab hauv av; nug rau chav xeem thiab daim ntawv pov thawj cov ntaub ntawv.
Npaj rau kev saib xyuas hmo ntuj: qhia cov pob qij txha uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv lub qhov rais kaw, nrog rau ua ntej - sib dhos cov pob qij txha thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis torque.
suav nrog cov kev cai rau lub caij ntuj no thiab dej nyab: cov kab sib txuas, cov kua dej ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, thiab stainless lossis zinc-nickel coated bolts hauv kev sib dhos.
5. Kev xav tsis zoo
"APM rails tsuas yog me me - kab rails, yog li cov qauv sib koom ua haujlwm."cuav. Cov nkhaus nkhaus, tsis siv neeg tswj thiab luv txij nkawm qhov rais hloov qhov sib koom tsim: glued thiab bonded insulated pob qij txha dominate, thiab finite caij validation yog tus qauv.
"Insulated pob qij txha tsuas yog xav tau rau kev taw qhia."Tsis yog xwb. Ntawm APM cov lus qhia kev sib koom ua ke insulated tseem tiv thaiv lub vev xaib kev tsheb nqaj hlau los ntawm kev drilling, stabilizes qhov sib txawv thiab yooj yim hloov; rwb thaiv tsev yog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm ntau yam.
"Bolts tuav ib qho kev sib koom ua ke."Tsis yog. Cov txheej txheem nplaum nqa lub nra; bolts (qhov twg tam sim no) feem ntau yog rau kev ua tsis tiav -kev ruaj ntseg tuav thiab qhov chaw. Torquing lub bolts los nqa load yog siv tsis raug ntawm tus tsim.
"Hluav taws- cov ntaub ntawv nyab xeeb yog kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws, tsis yog qhov sib koom ua ke."cuav. Rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov khoom siv ntses hauv tshav dav hlau thiab qhov av yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov pa luam yeeb thiab nplaim taws kis txwv ntawm EN 45545-2; ib txheej rwb thaiv tsev flammable tsis ua tiav tag nrho cov kev pom zoo.
"Ib qho sib koom ua ke yog ib txwm zoo dua."cuav. Ntawm cov kab me me, ib qho dhau - txhav sib koom ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab tuaj yeem tawg qhov kawg ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau; daim ntawv cog lus stiffness yog qhov tsim qauv sib txawv los ua kom zoo.
FAQ
Q1: Vim li cas APM cov tshuab nyiam cov hlua khi lossis cov hlua khi hlua khi?
Vim hais tias cov rail seem me me thiab cov nkhaus nruj, qhov drilling bolt qhov tsis muaj zog hauv lub vev xaib thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Bonded pob qij txha kis load hla lub phaj ntev, ua kom qhov sib txawv ruaj khov, thiab tuaj yeem ua ke rwb thaiv tsev, muab qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg siab uas tsis siv neeg ua haujlwm xav tau.
Q2: Dab tsi yog qhov sib koom ua ke insulated thiab thaum twg nws yuav tsum tau?
Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke insulated yog ib lub phaj sib koom ua ke nyob rau hauv uas cov phiaj yog glued rau lub rail web nrog insulating cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ob sab, cais ib tug rail ntev ntawm lub tom ntej no. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob lossis kev tswj xyuas tsheb ciav hlau xav tau cov cheeb tsam hluav taws xob, uas yog ib txwm nyob ntawm APM cov lus qhia.
Q3: Yuav ua li cas kom haum rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm APM kev tsheb nqaj hlau?
Rau me me -cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev tsheb ciav hlau, cov kauj ruam ntsug thiab kab rov tav ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke feem ntau tswj tau txog li 1 hli lossis tsawg dua, nrog rau qhov khiav ntawm qhov chaw hnav khaub ncaws tom qab kev teeb tsa; qhov no ua rau lub log kev taw qhia du thiab txwv tsis pub muaj suab nrov.
Q4: Kev sib koom ua haujlwm tau txheeb xyuas li cas rau APM cov lus qhia?
Finite element tsom xam qauv hu rau kev ntxhov siab, thauj khoom faib raws lub phaj phaj, ntsia liaj qhov rooj preload, nplaum shear cwj pwm thiab dynamic cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib txawv, nrog rau qhov tseeb rail seem thiab nkhaus vojvoog, ua ntej hom sib koom ua ke raug tso tawm rau ntau lawm.
Q5: Tus qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws siv li cas rau APM cov ntaub ntawv sib koom?
TS EN 45545-2 - Ntu 2: Cov khoom siv phom sij rau kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev; rau lub tshav dav hlau thiab hauv av APM daim ntawv thov cov phaj phaj rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas tau raug xaiv mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev phom sij nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cov pa luam yeeb thiab cov nplaim taws kis tau zoo.
Q6: Puas tuaj yeem hloov APM sib koom ua ke thaum hmo ntuj kaw?
Yog lawm, thaum qhov sib koom ua ke yog tsim los rau nws: ua ntej- sib dhos cov pob qij txha, cov ntaub ntawv bolt torque, ceev- kho cov nplaum nplaum thiab cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau tso cai hloov pauv hauv lub qhov rais. Cov pob qij txha uas xav tau lub sij hawm kho cov nplaum ntev yog tshwj tseg rau cov khoom npaj.