Hom thiab Installation Technical Requirements of Rail Spikes
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov scenarios ntawm qhov zoo tib yam thiab kauv rail spikes?
Ordinary rail spikes muaj cov qauv yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis, feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov kev sib tw ntawm cov kev tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam los ua lub hauv paus rau kev kho cov hlua thiab cov neeg pw tsaug zog. Kauv rail spikes muaj zog anchoring quab yuam, nruj nreem txuas rau cov neeg pw tsaug zog los ntawm lawv cov qauv threaded, thiab haum rau ballastless lem thiab siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev, kom ruaj ntseg ntawm kev kub ceev. Ordinary rail spikes yog tsim rau cov kab nrog qis loads thiab ceev, xws li cov ceg kab thiab cov kab mob siab rau, ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev thauj mus los yooj yim. Vim lawv txoj kev txhim khu kev qha, kauv rail spikes kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li turnouts thiab txuas hniav kom tiv nrog ntau dua vibrations thiab loads. Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm ob daim ntawv thov scenarios yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab ceev, load, thiab khiav hom, kom ntseeg tau tias lub anchoring quab yuam ntawm lub rail spikes phim cov kab yuav tsum tau.
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thaum xaiv cov khoom siv rail spike?
Rail spike cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj txaus tensile lub zog thiab hardness, nrog rau nruab nrab carbon steel los yog hlau alloy yog nyiam los xyuas kom meej tias lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus tsheb ciav hlau vibrations thiab load kis tau tus mob. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv yuav tsum ua raws li ib puag ncig; nyob rau hauv cov av ntub los yog saline- thaj chaw alkali, galvanized los yog stainless hlau rail spikes yuav tsum tau siv los txhim kho corrosion kuj. Rau hnyav- cov kab thauj khoom, taug qab spikes yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm siab - lub zog alloy steel, nrog rau kev kho cua sov los txhim kho lub zog tawm los thiab qaug zog, tiv thaiv kev tawg. Rau cov kab zoo tib yam, cov pa nruab nrab - carbon steel khiav spikes tuaj yeem siv tau, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog thaum tswj cov nqi. Kev xaiv cov khoom yuav tsum tau xav txog machinability los xyuas kom meej txoj kev ntawm lub spikes, nrog xov thiab lub taub hau qhov ntev raws li cov qauv.
Dab tsi yog cov qauv rau kev tswj qhov tob drilling thaum lub sij hawm khiav spike installation?
Qhov tob tob rau kev sib tw spike installation yuav tsum nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov qauv tsim. Rau qhov zoo tib yam khiav spikes, qhov drilling qhov tob feem ntau yog 5-10mm tob tshaj qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntev, tawm hauv qhov chaw txaus txaus. Rau kauv khiav spikes, qhov tob qhov drilling yuav tsum phim cov xov ntev, xyuas kom cov xov yog tag nrho embedded nyob rau hauv lub sleeper los yog khiav slab, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau anchoring quab yuam. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov drilling qhov tob yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau ± 3 hli; qhov tob tob dhau lawm yuav ua rau lub zog tsis txaus, thaum qhov tob tob yuav cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog. Tom qab drilling, cov khib nyiab thiab plua plav yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav los ntawm lub qhov kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog tus neeg sawv cev thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg. Qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov tob tob sib txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom siv pw tsaug zog (pob zeb, ntoo sleepers), thiab yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv sib xws kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau kev teeb tsa zoo.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev xav tau ntawm verticality rau kev khiav spike installation?
Lub verticality sib txawv thaum lub sij hawm khiav spike installation yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv ± 2℃los xyuas kom meej cov kab nrib pleb yog perpendicular mus rau lub pw tsaug zog los yog khiav slab, kom ntseeg tau tias txawm quab yuam faib thiab tsis txhob muaj kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Kev sib txawv ntawm verticality ntau dhau yuav ua rau txoj kev sib tw ntawm qhov kev taw qhia quab yuam kom hloov, txo qhov kev quab yuam thiab ua rau nws yooj yim rau xoob lossis tawg ntev ntev - siv sijhawm. Cov cuab yeej tshaj lij, xws li kev qhia lub tes tsho, yuav tsum tau siv rau qhov chaw thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb ntawm lub qhov drilled thiab taug qab spike installation. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, ib qho ncaj nraim yuav tsum tau siv los xyuas qhov tseeb; yog tias nws dhau tus qauv, lub qhov yuav tsum tau rov- tho thiab rov nruab dua. Kev kho yuam kev yuav tsum tsis txhob ua kom tsis txhob ua rau cov kab nrib pleb lossis pw tsaug zog. Verticality tswj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev xav tau rau kev taug qab spike installation, ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm tus khiav spike thiab khiav stability.
Yuav ua li cas kom lub anchoring quab yuam ua tau raws li cov qauv tom qab taug qab spike installation?
Ua ntej, tus neeg sawv cev tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xaiv, xws li sulfur anchoring tus neeg saib xyuas lossis cov tshuaj anchoring tus neeg sawv cev, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov ntaub ntawv pw tsaug zog los txhim kho adhesion. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov drilling yuav tsum phim txoj kev sib tw; qhov uas loj dhau los yog me dhau yuav cuam tshuam cov nyhuv anchoring. Drilling yuav tsum tau ua raws li tus qauv tsim. Thaum lub sij hawm installation, txoj kev spike yuav tsum tau maj mam muab tso rau hauv lub qhov kom ntseeg tau tias tus neeg sawv cev anchoring tusyees coats spikes tsis muaj cua npuas los yog qhov khoob. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, txoj kev spike yuav tsum tau tso cai los kho tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev sib tshuam. Lub sijhawm kho yuav tsum ua raws li cov khoom xav tau; txwv tsis pub muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxov ntxov. Tom qab kho, lub zog anchoring tuaj yeem kuaj. Lub zog anchoring rau txoj kev zoo tib yam spikes yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 50kN, thiab rau txoj kev kauv spikes, Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 80kN, kom ua tau raws li cov kev khiav hauj lwm txoj kab.