Taug qab Pad Elastic Modulus grading Technology thiab Adaptation Schemes rau txawv Track Vibration Reduction Requirements
Dab tsi yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb thiab kev muab qhab nia nruab nrab ntawm qhov kev sib tw elastic ntawm hauv qab - rail pads?
Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev muab qhab nia ntawm elastic modulus hauv qab -rail pads yog ob qhov ntev:kev co txo kev thov thiab load theem ntawm kab. Qhov ob yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke kom ntseeg tau tias kab kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev vibration txo cov nyhuv. Qhov kev thov txo qis kev vibration yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau khiav ceev. Qhov siab dua, lub log siab dua -rail kev co zaus, thiab qhov qis dua - elastic modulus pads yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj kev vibration. Qib load yog txiav txim los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau qag load. Qhov loj dua lub qag load, qhov siab dua ntawm lub ncoo, thiab siab dua - elastic modulus pads yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cov yas deformation. Raws li ob txoj hauv kev no, lub elastic modulus tau muab faib ua peb lub sijhawm tseem ceeb: lubqis elastic modulus qibyog 200-300MPa, haum rau high-ceev railway kab nrog ib tug ceev ntawm 250-350km / h; tusnruab nrab elastic modulus qibyog 400-600MPa, haum rau cov kev tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog nrog kev ceev ntawm 120-200km / h; tussiab elastic modulus qibyog 700-1000MPa, haum rau hnyav-haul railways nrog lub qag load ntau tshaj 30t. Kev faib cov qhab nia ncua tsis tas yuav raug kho. Nws kuj yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li geological tej yam kev mob ntawm kab. Piv txwv li, cov kab mos av subgrade tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev txwv qis dua ntawm elastic modulus nyob rau hauv cov qib sib xws los txhim kho kev vibration txo thiab buffering peev xwm. Txoj kev muab qhab nia no tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm cov kab sib txawv, tab sis kuj muab lub hauv paus rau cov qauv tsim cov ntaub qhwv.
Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv mis optimization cov ntsiab lus ntawm qis elastic modulus siab - ceev railway pads?
Cov khoom siv ntawm qhov qis elastic modulus siab - ceev railway pads yog raws liPolyurethane elastomer (PU). Lub hauv paus ntawm cov mis optimization yog kom sib npaug kev vibration txo kev ua haujlwm thiab compression teeb ua haujlwm. Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho qhov sib piv ntawm cov ntu nyuaj rau cov ntu muag ntawm polyurethane. Cov ntsiab lus mos ntu tau nce mus rau 65%-70%. Cov ntu mos yog tsim los ntawm polyether polyol, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kom elasticity thiab yooj ntawm lub ncoo thiab txo cov elastic modulus. Cov ntsiab lus nyuaj ntu yog tswj ntawm 30%-35%. Cov ntu nyuaj yog tsim los ntawm isocyanate los xyuas kom meej lub zog tensile thiab kua muag tsis kam ntawm lub ncoo. Thib ob, nano-calcium carbonate reinforcing agent yog ntxiv nrog rau qhov ntau npaum li 5%-8% ntawm cov khoom siv matrix. Nano-calcium carbonate tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke hauv polyurethane matrix los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ncoo thiab zam kev deformation ntau dhau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev -. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv- cov neeg laus laus thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv- hydrolysis tus neeg sawv cev raug ntxiv, txhua qhov muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm 1%-2%. Kev pabcuam ib puag ncig ntawm high-speed railway kab yog complex. Tus neeg saib xyuas kev laus tuaj yeem txhim kho UV tiv thaiv ntawm lub ncoo, thiab tus neeg sawv cev los tiv thaiv hydrolysis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub ncoo los ntawm hydrolytic aging nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Thaum kawg, cov txheej txheem dynamic vulcanization tau txais yuav los ua cov khoom tsim ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam network qauv. Lub elastic modulus ntawm lub optimized ncoo yog ruaj khov nyob rau ntawm txog 250MPa, thiab lub compression teem tus nqi yog tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau 5%, uas ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev co yuav txo tau ntawm high-ceev railway kab.
Dab tsi yog cov qauv tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm siab elastic modulus hnyav-cov ntaub qhwv?
Cov qauv tsim ntawm siab elastic modulus hnyav- cov ntaub qhwv yuav tsum tsom rau peb lub hom phiaj:txhim kho cov load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, cuam tshuam kev ntxhov siab, thiab txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam. Ua ntej, ibembedded steel skeleton qauvyog saws. Lub cev pob txha stainless hlau nrog lub thickness ntawm 2 hli yog embedded nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ncoo. Cov duab ntawm cov pob txha steel zoo ib yam nrog lub ncoo, thiab cov npoo yog chamfered kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab. Cov pob txha hlau tuaj yeem sib npaug ntawm cov khoom thauj mus rau tag nrho cov ncoo, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv - deformation muaj peev xwm, thiab ua kom lub ncoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv rov qab cuam tshuam ntawm lub nra hnyav dua 30t. Thib ob,pob zeb diamond-zoo li tus los tiv thaiv- kab laumyog tsim nyob rau sab sauv thiab sab saum toj ntawm lub ncoo. Qhov tob ntawm cov kab yog 1.5 hli thiab qhov dav yog 3 hli. Cov kab los tiv thaiv - cov kab plam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm lub ncoo thiab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, pw tsaug zog, tiv thaiv lub ncoo los ntawm kev ntog thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm, thiab cov kab tuaj yeem khaws cov roj lubricating me me kom txo tau kev sib txhuam thiab hnav ntawm lub ncoo thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau. Thaum kawg, ntug ntawm lub ncoo yog tsim los ua ib qhoarc kev hloov qauvnrog lub voj voog hloov pauv ntawm 10mm. Hauv cov kab hnyav - cov kab, ntug ntawm lub ncoo yog qhov ua rau tawg vim muaj kev ntxhov siab. Kev hloov pauv ntawm arc tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm ntug kev ua haujlwm thiab txhim kho qhov qaug zog ntawm lub ncoo. Tom qab tsim cov qauv tsim tiav, cov txheej txheem simulation tsom xam yuav tsum tau simulate lub load ntawm hnyav- tsheb ciav hlau, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub ncoo tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab deformation tsawg dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 0.5mm.
Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev xeem thiab precision tswj cov ntsiab lus ntawm elastic modulus nyob rau hauv -rail pads?
Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub elastic modulus ntawm hauv qab -rail pads yog ua raws liRoj hmab, vulcanized los yog thermoplastic - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm compression stress-strain properties(GB/T 7757). Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas tau muab faib ua peb qhov txuas: kev npaj ua qauv, kev sim compression, thiab kev suav cov ntaub ntawv. Rau kev npaj ua qauv, cov qauv yuav tsum tau muab coj los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ncoo, 5 qauv rau ib pawg. Cov qauv loj yog lub tog raj kheej nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 29mm thiab qhov siab ntawm 12mm. Thaum ua piv txwv, cov khoom siv ntxiv xws li cov pob txha steel yuav tsum raug zam kom tsis txhob muaj cov qauv sib xws. Kev ntsuas compression siv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob universal. Cov qauv yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm lub siab thiab qis daim hlau ntawm lub tshuab kuaj, thiab compression load yog thov ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm 5mm / min. Tus nqi kev ntxhov siab thaum tus nqi compression yog 10% raug kaw. Lub elastic modulus yog xam los ntawm cov mis E=εσ, qhov twg σ yog compressive kev nyuaj siab thiab ε yog lub compressive hom. Muaj peb lub ntsiab lus tswj xyuas qhov tseeb: ua ntej, qhov ntsuas kub ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 23 ± 2 degree. Kev kub siab dhau los yog qis qis yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom elastic ntawm cov khoom thiab ua rau muaj kev sib txawv hauv cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem; thib ob, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.05mm. Kev ua tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv parallelism yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tsis sib xws ntawm cov qauv thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb ntawm tus nqi kev ntxhov siab; thib peb, tus qauv sib txawv ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm 5 cov qauv ib batch Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 10MPa. Yog tias tus qauv sib txawv loj dhau, rov- qauv thiab kev sim yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev ntseeg tau ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem.
Dab tsi yog qhov elastic modulus adaptation thiab hloov cov tswv yim ntawm nyob rau hauv -rail pads nyob rau hauv txawv huab cua puag ncig?
Kev hloov kho elasticity thiab kev hloov kho ntawm hauv qab - cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig huab cua sib txawv yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog cov kev cai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov qauv yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo raws li lub hom phiaj. Hauvthaj tsam alpine(ib xyoo nruab nrab kub tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau -10 degree), lub elastic modulus ntawm cov khoom yuav nce nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau xaiv qhov qis dua ntawm qhov elastic modulus ncua sij hawm ntawm cov kab sib txuas yuav tsum raug xaiv. Piv txwv li, lub elastic modulus ntawm siab - ceev railway pads yog kho rau 200-220MPa. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txias-cov yas resistant yog ntxiv rau cov khoom siv nrog ntau npaum li 3%-5% txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub ncoo thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Hauvhigh- kub thiab siab - thaj chaw av(ib xyoo nruab nrab kub siab tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 25 degree, txheeb ze av noo ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 80%), cov khoom yog nquag softening thiab hydrolysis. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xaiv qhov txwv sab sauv ntawm lub elastic modulus. Piv txwv li, lub elastic modulus ntawm zoo tib yam - ceev railway pads yog kho rau 550-600MPa. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov cua sov- tiv thaiv stabilizers thiab tiv thaiv - cov tshuaj hydrolysis tau ntxiv los txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam thiab hydrolysis tsis kam ntawm lub ncoo thiab zam kev txo qis ntawm elastic modulus. Hauvsaline- thaj tsam alkali, saline-alkali ions nyob rau hauv cov av yog nquag corrode lub ncoo. Ib txheej fluorocarbon nrog lub thickness ntawm 0.5 hli yuav tsum tau txau rau saum npoo ntawm lub ncoo. Cov txheej txheej tuaj yeem cais qhov yaig ntawm saline-alkali ions, thiab txheej txheej muaj qhov tawv tawv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm lub ncoo. Lub elastic modulus tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo, thiab tus qauv tus nqi ntawm cov kab sib txuas tuaj yeem tswj tau. Lub ncoo hloov kho yuav tsum tau mus kuaj ib puag ncig simulation. Tom qab kev laus rau 1000 teev nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb, lub elastic modulus hloov pauv tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 8% ua ntej nws tuaj yeem siv tau.