Vim li cas Qib Matching Matters thiab Mechanical Differences Ntawm Cov Qib
Lub phaj phaj, tseem hu ua qhov sib koom ua ke, yog bolted rau ob qho kev tsheb ciav hlau xaus ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab hloov lub sijhawm khoov thiab shear quab yuam los ntawm ib qho kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau lwm qhov. Vim tias qhov sib koom ua ke yog qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev khiav, lub phaj phaj yuav tsum nqa ib qho kev qhia ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab qhov sib koom yog nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm qib zog ntawm cov khoom siv ntses. Yog tias qib qis dua li qhov xav tau, lub phaj phaj deforms plastically, tawg, thiab thaum kawg poob nws qhov kev txwv ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, uas yog vim li cas cov khoom siv lub zog ntawm cov phaj phaj yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov khoom thauj - cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau.
Ob qib feem ntau siv rau ntses phaj sib txawv hauv cov khoom siv zog, lub zog tensile, hardness thiab alloy cov ntsiab lus. Cov kev sib txawv no txiav txim siab qhov kev thauj khoom uas qhov sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem nqa tau thiab lub neej qaug zog ntawm lub phaj phaj nyob rau hauv alternating log loads.
| Khoom | 8.8 Qib | 10.9 Qib |
|---|---|---|
| Yield zog | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 640MPa | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 900MPa |
| Tensile zog | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 800MPa | Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau 1000MPa |
| Rockwell hardness | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau HRC28 | Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau HRC35 |
| Cov ntsiab lus carbon | 0.25%-0.35% | 0.35%-0.45% |
| Chromium cov ntsiab lus | Tsis tau teev tseg | 1.0%-1.5% |
| Tej daim ntawv thov | GB 60kg / m rails ntawm cov kab zoo tib yam | Heavy-lav thiab sab nraud cov qauv tsheb ciav hlau |
| Joint bearing muaj peev xwm | Kwv yees li 80% ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau | Kwv yees li 90% ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau |
Sib piv cov qib rau kab thiab qag Load
Qib 8.8 yog haum rau qhov zoo tib yam - kab ceev nteg nrog GB 60kg / m rails, qhov sib koom ua ke muaj peev xwm ncav cuag li 80% ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov tsheb thauj mus los nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv elastic. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem hnyav- cov tsheb thauj mus los yuav tsum tau qib 10.9 vim tias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau muaj zog tsawg kawg yog 900MPa, lub qag load yog 30 tons lossis ntau dua, thiab lub zog shear ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke yog li 2.5 npaug ntawm cov kab nrawm. Qib 8.8 nrog 640MPa yield zog sai sai tsim cov yas deformation nyob rau hauv lub shear quab yuam, adhesion ntawm fishplate thiab rail yuav ploj, thiab kev nyuaj siab concentration yuav hnyav heev. Qib 10.9, nrog cov txiaj ntsig muaj zog txog 1.4 npaug ntawm qib 8.8, ua rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv 70% ntawm lub zog tawm los thiab xa txog ob npaug ntawm lub neej qaug zog, uas ua kom ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov ntawm hnyav - cov kab.
Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim thaum lub Fishplate tsis muaj zog tshaj txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau
Thaum lub phaj phaj lub zog qis dua qhov kev tsheb ciav hlau, lub phaj phaj ua qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Kev ntxhov siab concentrates rau ntawm lub phaj thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau kev nyuaj siab txo, thim rov qab qhov kev npaj thauj khoom sib koom. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub phaj phaj lub zog yog 20% qis dua ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub phaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.5 npaug ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim thaum ntxov. Kev nthuav tawm tawg ua rau tawg ntawm lub phaj phaj, qhov sib koom ua ke poob nws txoj kev tswj hwm, thiab misalignment thiab hloov chaw ua raws. Kev ntxhov siab kuj tseem ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov bolts sib koom ua ke, ntxiv ua rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Lub zog ntses phaj yuav tsum yog li ntawd sib npaug los yog siab dua lub zog tsheb ciav hlau kom qhov sib koom ua ke kev ntxhov siab nyob twj ywm.
Ntawm -Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Fishplate Strength Qib
Cov qhab nia tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ntawm qhov chaw hauv peb txoj hauv kev. Ua ntej, tus ntsuas qhov tawv tawv ntsuas Rockwell hardness: qib 8.8 nyeem tsawg kawg HRC28 thiab qib 10.9 tsawg kawg yog HRC35. Qhov thib ob, cov qauv raug coj mus rau qhov ntsuas tensile los ntsuas qhov muaj zog ntawm lub zog thiab lub zog tensile, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau muab piv nrog rau qib txwv. Thib peb, lub spectrometer kuaj xyuas cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg: qib 10.9 muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm 0.35%-0.45% thiab cov ntsiab lus chromium ntawm 1.0%-1.5%, thaum qib 8.8 muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm 0.25%-0.35% thiab tsis muaj chromium. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub phaj ntses uas muab tau zoo yog muaj lub zog qib cim; cov khoom uas tsis muaj lub cim yuav tsum tau kuaj tag nrho ua ntej siv kom tsis txhob siv yuam kev.
Ntsuas tus nqi thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv kev xaiv qib
Tej yam yooj yim- cov kab hauv av ceev nrog GB rails tuaj yeem siv qib 8.8, uas raug nqi li 30% tsawg dua qib 10.9 thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau nrog tus nqi zoo dua - kev ua tau zoo piv. High-ceev thiab hnyav- cov kab tsheb nrog cov txheej txheem sab nrauv yuav tsum siv qib 10.9; cov khoom siv tus nqi nce li ntawm 20%, tab sis kev sib koom ua ke tsis ua hauj lwm yog zam thiab ntev - tus nqi tu lub sij hawm raug txo. Cov kab ib ntus yuav siv tau qis dua raws li cov chav kawm thauj khoom tiag tiag, thaum cov kab uas xav tau ntev - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm yuav tsum raug xaiv ntawm qib siab tshaj lawv yuav pom. Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov sib npaug yog qhov tseeb sib piv rau cov kab thauj khoom thiab qib kev tsheb nqaj hlau, zam ob qho tib si dhau - cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb uas nce nqi thiab qis dua - cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas muaj 8.8-qib ntses phaj siv rau ntawm txoj kab hnyav?
Tsis yog. Lub zog shear ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke yog kwv yees li 2.5 npaug ntawm cov kab ncaj nraim - nrawm, thiab qib 8.8 yields ntawm 640MPa, zoo hauv qab 900MPa yield ntawm hnyav -haul rail. Yas deformation thiab qaug zog tawg yuav ua sai sai.
Yuav ua li cas lub hardness check ua nyob rau hauv lub teb?
Ib qho khoom siv Rockwell hardness tester yog nias tawm tsam qhov chaw huv, tiaj tus ntawm cov ntses. Kev nyeem ntawv yog muab piv nrog rau qib txwv: tsawg kawg HRC28 rau qib 8.8 thiab tsawg kawg HRC35 rau qib 10.9.
Vim li cas qib 10.9 muaj chromium?
Chromium txhim kho hardenability thiab corrosion kuj thiab txhawb lub zog siab dua ntawm qib. Ib qho spectrometer nyeem ntawm 1.0%-1.5% chromium yog ib qho ntawm cov kev txheeb xyuas muaj pes tsawg leeg uas lees paub qib 10.9.
Dab tsi yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib koom ua ke kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv lub phaj tsis muaj zog?
Kev ntxhov siab nyob rau ntawm lub phaj ntses, qaug zog tawg pib thiab nthuav tawm, cov ntses phaj tawg, qhov sib koom ua ke poob kev tswj hwm, thiab kev sib raug zoo thiab lub bolts shear tsis ua raws. Kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem ua tsis tau sai sai hauv kev tsheb khiav.
Puas yog lub phaj nrog cov qib siab dua ib txwm zoo dua?
Tsis tau. Qib siab dua tus nqi ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem ua kom tsis zoo yog tias tsis kho cua sov kom zoo. Qib yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov kab thauj khoom kom tus nqi, lub zog thiab lub zog sib npaug.
Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau ua nrog fishplates uas tsis muaj qhab nias?
Unmarked fishplates yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntsia rau ntawm load-cov kabmob pob qij txha. Lawv yuav tsum raug cais tawm thiab raug kuaj xyuas qhov nyuaj, tensile thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab tsuas yog rov qab kho dua yog tias cov txiaj ntsig sib phim rau qib uas xav tau.