Lub Elastic Performance ntawm Rail Pads thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Hloov Kho
Yuav ua li cas cov elastic modulus ntawm rail pads cuam tshuam lub cushioning nyhuv ntawm txoj kev khiav?
Lub elastic modulus ntawm rail pads yog cov tseem ceeb parameter txiav txim lawv cov nyhuv cushioning. Qhov loj ntawm lub elastic modulus ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub ncoo lub peev xwm deformation thiab cushioning kev ua tau zoo. Qhov qis dua elastic modulus ua rau zoo dua elasticity, tso cai rau ntau dua elastic deformation nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau tej yam kev mob, zoo absorbing lub zog ntawm lub zog thiab txo cov kev sib kis ntawm tej yam quab yuam rau cov pw tsaug zog thiab subgrade, yog li muab ib tug zoo cushioning nyhuv. Conversely, ib tug ntau dua elastic modulus ua rau ib tug nyuaj pad nrog tsis muaj zog elastic deformation muaj peev xwm, ua rau ib tug tsis zoo cushioning nyhuv. Kev cuam tshuam hauv tsheb ciav hlau yuav raug xa ncaj qha mus rau cov neeg pw tsaug zog thiab subgrade, accelerating lawv hnav thiab puas. Rau siab- cov kab ceev, cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ciav hlau uas muaj qhov qis dua elastic modulus yuav tsum tau xaiv los ua kom muaj kev sib tsoo txaus ntawm qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev thiab txhim kho tsheb ciav hlau kev ruaj ntseg. Rau hnyav- cov kab thauj khoom, cov ntaub qhwv nrog cov qauv elastic modulus yuav tsum raug xaiv los xyuas kom meej tias ob qho tib si cushioning nyhuv thiab load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, zam dhau qhov deformation ntawm lub ncoo. Kev xaiv tsis tsim nyog ntawm lub elastic modulus yuav ua rau cov cushioning tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab cuam tshuam rau txoj haujlwm kev pabcuam lub neej.
Dab tsi yog qhov tsim nyog taug qab cov xwm txheej rau cov tsheb ciav hlau nrog cov hardness sib txawv?
Lub hardness ntawm rail pads yuav tsum tau xaiv kom tsim nyog raws li txoj kev khiav. Qhov sib txawv hardness pads yog haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib txawv, ua kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov nyhuv cushioning thiab load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm. Soft rail pads (Shore A hardness 50-60) muaj elasticity zoo thiab zoo heev cushioning nyhuv, haum rau siab - cov kab ceev thiab cov neeg caij tsheb siab kab. Lawv nqus tau cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm high - tsheb ciav hlau ceev, txo lub tsheb ciav hlau kev co, txhim kho cov neeg caij tsheb kom xis nyob, thiab tiv thaiv cov neeg pw tsaug zog thiab cov chaw pw. Nruab nrab- nyuaj rail pads (Shore A hardness 60-70) muaj qhov sib npaug elasticity thiab thauj khoom-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, haum rau cov kab nrawm. Lawv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm ceev thiab qag loads, sib npaug cushioning nyhuv thiab kev pab cuam lub neej, thiab yog cov feem ntau lug siv hom rail pad. Hard rail pads (Shore A hardness 70{17}}80) muaj zog load-bearing muaj peev xwm tab sis tsis zoo elasticity, haum rau hnyav-haul kab thiab freight mob siab rau. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus lub siab loj ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav, tiv thaiv kev deformation ntau dhau ntawm cov ntaub qhwv thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntu nkhaus, me ntsis nyuaj rail pads tuaj yeem raug xaiv los txhim kho txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntsia hlau thiab tiv thaiv kev tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi khiav tsis xws luag tuaj yeem ua rau kev laus thiab deformation ntawm rail pads ua rau?
Tom qab siv sijhawm ntev, cov ntaub qhwv tuaj yeem deform vim cov khoom laus thiab hnav, ua rau muaj ntau yam kev tsis xws luag thiab cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb. Ua ntej, kev laus thiab deformation ntawm lub ncoo txo lawv cov elasticity thiab cushioning nyhuv, tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau cuam tshuam. Cov kev cuam tshuam no raug xa ncaj qha mus rau cov neeg pw tsaug zog thiab cov txaj pw, ua rau cov neeg pw tsaug zog nrawm nrawm thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg. Qhov thib ob, deformation ua rau qhov chaw tsis sib xws, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua thaum lub sijhawm tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm, ua kom lub tsheb ciav hlau nrawm dua, thiab tseem ua rau cov kab tawg. Yog tias muaj hnub nyoog taug qab cov ntaub so ntswg tawg lossis tshem tawm, kev sib cuag ncaj qha ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov neeg pw tsaug zog ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam, ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm ob qho tib si thiab ua rau muaj kev vibration thiab suab nrov. Tsis tas li ntawd, deformation tuaj yeem ua rau qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ntawm qhov nkhaus, yooj yim ua rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hloov mus rau sab nraud thiab taug kev nkag, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam loj rau kev nyab xeeb tsheb ciav hlau. Yog li ntawd, cov laus thiab deformed khiav pads yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb rau cov ntaub qhwv hauv siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev?
High - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev muaj qhov xav tau siab heev rau kev tsheb ciav hlau smoothness thiab taug kev ruaj ntseg. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej tias lawv ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab - ceev. Ua ntej, lub elastic modulus yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog ntau yam (feem ntau 10-20 MPa) los xyuas kom meej cushioning zoo thiab zoo nqus cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev, txo kev co. Qhov thib ob, yuav tsum muaj lub neej qaug zog heev, muaj peev xwm ua tau ntev - lub sij hawm, siab - zaus vibrations, nrog lub neej qaug zog tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3 lab cycles los tiv thaiv kev laus thiab tawg thaum siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hardness ntawm cov ntaub qhwv yuav tsum zoo ib yam, nrog rau Shore hardness tswj ntawm 55 thiab 65 los xyuas kom meej tag nrho elasticity thiab tsis txhob sib npaug zos kev nyuaj siab. Lub thickness sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau ± 0.2 hli los xyuas kom meej qhov kev sib tw du thiab txo cov kev tsheb ciav hlau qhov tsis sib xws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub qhwv yuav tsum muaj kev laus zoo thiab hnav ua haujlwm kom ruaj khov thaum siv sijhawm ntev - siv sijhawm ntev, tiv thaiv kev deformation thiab kev puas tsuaj, thiab ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm kev kub ceev railway.
Yuav ua li cas los daws cov teeb meem tsis sib xws los ntawm kev kho lub ncoo thickness?
Kho lub thickness ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau pads yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los daws qhov tsis sib xws. Los ntawm precisely kho lub ncoo thickness, rail nto yuav ua tau du, txhim kho tsheb ciav hlau stability. Ua ntej, cov ntu tsis sib xws ntawm kev khiav yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib xws. Raws li qhov sib txawv no, cov ntaub qhwv ntawm qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv. Rau cov ntu uas qhov chaw tsheb ciav hlau tsawg dhau, cov ntaub qhwv tuab tuaj yeem siv tau, lossis cov ntaub nyias nyias tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov ntaub qhwv uas twb muaj lawm los tsa cov kab tsheb ciav hlau thiab ua kom nws ntws nrog cov chaw nyob ib puag ncig. Rau cov ntu uas qhov chaw tsheb ciav hlau siab dhau lawm, cov ntaub qhwv nyias nyias tuaj yeem siv los txo qhov chaw tsheb ciav hlau thiab tshem tawm qhov siab sib txawv. Thaum hloov kho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub ncoo thickness yog uniform, nrog ib tug thickness sib txawv ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 0.1 hli nyob rau tib lub sib koom ua ke kom tsis txhob tsim unevenness tshiab. Tom qab hloov kho, qhov siab khiav yuav tsum tau rov qab- tshuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias qhov sib txawv ua tau raws li cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb (tsis pub ntau tshaj 2 hli rau siab - kab ceev). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xyuas cov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ncoo thickness thiab kho tam sim ntawd qhov siab sib txawv los ntawm kev laus los yog deformation kom paub meej ntev - lub sij hawm khiav smoothness thiab txo cov tsheb ciav hlau cuam tshuam.