Cov txheej txheem rau kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav Clips thiab kev hloov mus tas li rau qhov sib txawv Circuits
Dab tsi yog qhov kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strips rau siab - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev?
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strips rau siab - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev yog txo qis kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv zog tiv thaiv . 60Si2CrVA siab- lub zog caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel yog xaiv raws li cov khoom siv, uas muaj lub zog tensile ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1960MPa, thiab nws cov khoom siv qaug zog ntawm cov tsoos 2M A0S zoo dua li cov khoom siv. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, cov txheej txheem isothermal quenching yog saws, nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 880℃thiab isothermal kub ntawm 320 degree, hloov cov metallographic qauv ntawm elastic strip rau hauv qab bainite thiab txhim kho lub toughness thiab qaug zog tsis kam ntawm cov khoom. Structurely, optimize lub arc hloov lub vojvoog ntawm lub elastic strip, nce lub vojvoog ntawm kev ntxhov siab concentration ib feem ntawm 5 hli mus rau 8 hli, txo qhov kev ntxhov siab concentration ntau tshaj 30%. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tswj lub nto roughness Ra ntawm lub elastic strip tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug zos rau 0.8μm, tshem tawm defects nto los ntawm precision sib tsoo txheej txheem, thiab kom tsis txhob muaj defects ua qaug zog tawg qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev txhim kho yog ua tiav ntawm txoj hlua elastic, nrog rau qhov seem seem compressive kev ntxhov siab Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 600MPa, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov pib thiab nthuav tawm ntawm kev qaug zog tawg, ua rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strip mus rau ntau dua 2 × 10⁷ zaug, ua tau raws li qhov ntev -lub sij hawm kev pabcuam 2} txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev tiv thaiv- qaug zog ntxiv dag zog ntawm elastic strips rau hnyav- cov kab?
Cov hlua elastic rau hnyav- cov kab tsheb thauj khoom hnyav dua, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev qaug zog yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua los ntawm ob qho tib si qauv thiab txheej txheem. Raws li kev tsim qauv, tus ntoo khaub lig sib txawv -section tsim tau txais yuav. Tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov kev nyuab siab ntawm cov hlua elastic yog nce mus rau 16 hli, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov tsis yog- qhov kev ntxhov siab raug txo mus rau 12 hli, paub txog qhov tsim nyog faib ntawm "qhov chaw muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog tsis muaj- cheeb tsam kev ntxhov siab" thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab tag nrho. 55SiCrA cov khoom siv caij nplooj ntoos hlav Tom qab quenching thiab tempering, nws hardness mus txog HRC48-52, uas muaj ob qho tib si siab zog thiab siab toughness, thiab zoo heev qaug zog kuj. Technologically, txias taub hau txoj kev siv tshuab tau txais yuav los hloov cov txheej txheem kub forging, txo cov khoom tsis xws luag thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm lub elastic strip. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, phosphating kev kho mob yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub elastic strip, nrog rau phosphating zaj duab xis thickness ntawm 5-10μm, txhim kho cov hnav tsis kam thiab corrosion kuj ntawm elastic strip thiab tsis txhob poob ntawm qaug zog kev ua tau zoo los ntawm xeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ua rau qaug zog, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los simulate lub load tej yam kev mob ntawm hnyav-haul kab. Cov hlua elastic tuaj yeem raug txiav txim raws li tsim nyog tsuas yog tias nws tsis tawg hauv qab 3 × 10⁶ cyclic loads.
Dab tsi yog cov kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev ntsuas ntsuas rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strips?
Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txheeb xyuas lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strips yog qhov kev sim qaug zog simulating cov kab tiag tiag. Lub siab -ntau zaus siv lub tshuab ntsuas kev qaug zog yog siv rau kev sim, thiab qhov ntsuas zaus yog tswj ntawm 50-100Hz los simulate lub load alternating zaus thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm. Thaum kuaj pom, teeb tsa lub elastic strip rau ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb fixture, siv tib lub preload thiab alternating load raws li cov kab tiag tiag, thiab sau cov naj npawb ntawm cov voj voog thaum lub elastic strip tawg los yog tawg. Cov ntsuas ntsuas feem ntau suav nrog kev txwv qaug zog thiab qaug zog lub neej. Kev qaug zog txwv yog hais txog kev ntxhov siab tshaj plaws uas lub elastic strip tsis tawg nyob rau hauv infinite cyclic loads. Txoj kev qaug zog ntawm kev siab - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nrawm yuav tsum siab dua lossis sib npaug li 800MPa, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm -cov hlua elastic yuav tsum siab dua lossis sib npaug li 900MPa. Kev qaug zog lub neej yog hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov kab tawg ntawm cov hlua elastic nyob rau hauv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Lub neej qaug zog ntawm kev siab -Speed railway elastic strips yuav tsum muaj ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 2 × 10⁷ zaug, thiab qhov hnyav-haul elastic strips yuav tsum ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 3 × 10⁶ zaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas qhov nruj attenuation tus nqi ntawm elastic strip. Thaum lub sij hawm ua rau qaug zog, ib tug nruj attenuation tus nqi tsawg dua los yog sib npaug zos rau 10% yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej kev ua tau zoo stability ntawm elastic strip nyob rau hauv lub qaug zog lub neej voj voog.
Dab tsi yog kev lag luam los tiv thaiv- qaug zog optimization tswv yim ntawm elastic strips rau tib yam - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev?
Kev tiv thaiv kev ua kom zoo ntawm - qaug zog ntawm elastic strips rau qhov zoo tib yam - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev yuav tsum tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo raws li kev tswj hwm tus nqi . 60Si2Mn caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel nrog cov nqi siab yog xaiv los ntawm cov khoom siv, uas nws qhov kev ua tau zoo raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khoom siv yooj yim- cov kab nrawm, thiab tus nqi tsuas yog 1/2 ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav {7} str. Structurely, ua kom yooj yim cov duab ntawm elastic strip, txais yuav ib tug symmetrical tsim, txo cov kev ntxhov siab concentration ntsiab lus, thiab txo zus tau tej cov nyuaj thiab nqi. Technologically, cov txheej txheem kub dov + normalizing txheej txheem yog siv los hloov cov txheej txheem isothermal quenching kim. Lub normalizing kub yog 900 degree, thiab lub sij hawm tuav yog 30min, ua tus qauv ntawm elastic strip uniform thiab kev ua tau zoo ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv zos txhaj tshuaj peening kev kho mob yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov hlua elastic tsis muaj kev txhaj tshuaj tag nrho, txo cov nqi kho mob. Lub zos residual compressive kev ntxhov siab yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 400MPa, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm qaug zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm tus qauv tsim, sib koom ua ke qhov loj me ntawm elastic strips rau tib yam - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev, paub ntau lawm, txo cov nqi tsev ntxiv, thiab xyuas kom muaj kev lag luam ntawm cov txheej txheem optimization.
Dab tsi yog qhov qis -kub los tiv thaiv- qaug zog thev naus laus zis ntawm elastic strips hauv thaj tsam alpine?
The low-temperature environment in alpine regions will reduce the toughness of the elastic strip and accelerate the propagation of fatigue cracks. The low-temperature anti-fatigue technology needs to start from both material and protection. 60Si2MnD low-temperature spring steel is selected as the material, whose impact energy at -40℃ is >=30J, with excellent low-temperature toughness, avoiding the risk of low-temperature brittle fracture. During production, the quenching and tempering + cryogenic treatment process is adopted. The cryogenic treatment temperature is -80℃, and the holding time is 2 hours, which can refine the material grains and improve the low-temperature anti-fatigue performance of the material. For protection, galvanizing and sealing treatment are adopted, with a zinc layer thickness >=80μm and a sealing coating thickness of 3-5μm, preventing corrosion by ice, snow and deicing agents, and avoiding accelerated fatigue failure due to rust at low temperatures. At the same time, control the preload of the elastic strip. The preload in low-temperature environment needs to be 10%-15% higher than that at room temperature to offset the material shrinkage caused by low temperature and ensure the stable locking performance of the elastic strip. In addition, regularly inspect the elastic strips in alpine regions and replace cracked elastic strips in a timely manner to ensure line safety.