Vim li cas Fishplates tsis tuaj yeem ua ib qho nyuaj
Ib tug fishplate txuas ob lub tsheb ciav hlau xaus thiab yog bolted los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau web. Thaum lub sij hawm kev pab cuam nws nqa ob contradictory loads: lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag rubs tiv thaiv lub rail web thiab xav tau siab hardness los tiv thaiv fretting hnav, thaum lub phaj lub cev raug ntaus los ntawm alternating cuam tshuam kev ntxhov siab los ntawm txhua lub log thiab xav tau siab toughness. Tag nrho qhov siab - qauv tsim hardness tiv taus hnav tab sis ua nkig thiab ua rau tawg nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam. Zuag qhia tag nrho qis-hardness tsim yog tawv tab sis qhov chaw tiv tauj hnav sai sai, qhov sib koom ua ke loosens thiab geometry ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau kawg raug puas tsuaj. Lub hardness gradient tsim daws qhov tsis sib xws los ntawm muab txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub phaj cov cuab yeej nws xav tau tiag tiag.
Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Hardness Gradient: Zone los ntawm Zone
Qhov lees txais gradient nkhaus yog maj mam nqis los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm mus rau lub hauv paus. Cov lus hauv qab no muab cov phiaj xwm thaj tsam rau cov ntses phaj hardened los ntawm deg induction hardening, nrog rau hardened txheej tob tswj ntawm txog 3 hli.
| Zone | Qhov tob | Hardness | Muaj nuj nqi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Txheej txheej | 0-0.5 hli | HRC 45-50 | Hnav tsis kam tiv thaiv lub vev xaib rail; tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag |
| Hloov txheej txheej | 0.5-3 hli | HRC 45 txog 35, hloov tus nqi Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau HRC 5 ib hli | Tsis muaj cheeb tsam; zam cov kauj ruam nyuaj nyuaj thiab kev nyuaj siab concentration |
| Core | Hauv qab 3 mm | HRC 28-32 | Impact toughness; nqa alternating bending stress |
Cov txheej txheem hloov pauv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsim. Nws cia cov kev ntxhov siab ntws zoo los ntawm cov tawv tawv mus rau cov tub ntxhais tawv, yog li lub interface tsis dhau los ua qhov tawg.
Hom kev ua tsis tiav tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim tsis raug gradient
Hardened txheej dhau los ntiav (hauv qab 1 hli): qhov tawv tawv hnav los ntawm sai, nthuav tawm cov tub ntxhais mos thiab ua rau kev sib koom ua ke thaum ntxov.
Hardened txheej dhau heev lawm (tshaj 5 hli): cov txheej txheem kev hloov pauv ploj mus, cov tub ntxhais yuav nyuaj dhau lawm, lub zog poob qis thiab qaug zog tawg pib ntawm lub qhov ntsia hlau.
Tshaj gradient ntau dhau (tsis muaj txheej hloov pauv): qhov chaw -core interface ua raws li qhov tawg; Nyob rau hauv vibration cov kab nrib pleb propagate raws lub interface thiab ua rau delamination puas.
Tag nrho peb qhov ua tsis tiav yog los ntawm tib lub hauv paus ua rau: qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev hnav tsis kam thiab tawv tawv ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-section.
Suav vs International Test Requirements
Suav cov qauv rau cov pa fishplates feem ntau sim ob lub ntsiab lus - deg hardness thiab core hardness - thiab siv hardened txheej qhov tob raws li qhov ntsuas ntsuas. Kev xyaum thoob ntiaj teb, sawv cev los ntawm UIC 860, yuav tsum muaj qhov kev ntsuas qhov tawv tawv gradient nkhaus: qhov tawv yog ntsuas txhua 0.2 hli hla tus ntoo khaub lig-section kom npaj qhov nkhaus tag nrho, thiab tsis muaj kev hloov pauv sai sai. Rau hnyav-haul fishplates, thoob ntiaj teb specifications mus ntxiv thiab txhim kho qhov hloov pauv txheej hardness hloov ntawm tsis pub ntau tshaj HRC 5 ib hli, thiab yuav tsum tau coj simulation xeem los ua pov thawj tias cov gradient yeej txhim kho kev sib koom tes tiv thaiv.
Ntawm -Site Non-Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Puas Tsuaj
Txoj kev ua teb zoo tshaj plaws yog multi-point Leeb hardness testing. Ntsuas qhov hardness ntawm qhov ua hauj lwm (hu rau) nto ua ntej - nws yuav tsum nyeem HRC 45-50. Tom qab ntawd coj ob peb nyeem ntawm sab ntawm lub phaj los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw thiab saib qhov sib txawv. Qhov tsim nyog gradient qhia tau hais tias qhov nyuaj ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag ua haujlwm thiab lub ntsej muag sab, nrog rau qhov tawv tawv yuav maj mam poob mus rau qhov tseem ceeb. Uniform sab hardness, los yog poob sai sai, taw qhia rau cov txheej txheem quenching. Rau cov pob qij txha tseem ceeb, ib qho kev kuaj xyuas metallographic tuaj yeem pom tseeb tias cov qauv ntawm cov tawv tawv thiab kev hloov pauv.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Vim li cas ho tsis tsuas ua rau tag nrho cov ntses nyuaj heev?
High hardness txhais tau tias siab brittleness. Ib qho nyuaj fishplate pob txha tawg nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov ntawm kev thauj khoom ntawm cov pob qij txha, thiab cov phaj phaj tawg yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj qhov hnav. Cov qauv tsim gradient ua kom lub ntsej muag nyuaj rau hnav thaum lub hauv paus tseem tawv rau kev cuam tshuam.
Q2: Yuav ua li cas yog lub hardened txheej yog ntiav heev?
Yog tias cov txheej txheem tawv tawv qis dua li 1 hli, qhov tawv tawv hnav los ntawm kev pabcuam sai, cov tub ntxhais mos raug nthuav tawm, qhov sib koom ua ke loosens thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau xaus pib tawg. Lub phaj ntses tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tau hloov sai dua li nws lub neej tsim.
Q3: UIC 860 xav tau dab tsi rau kev sim hardness gradient?
UIC 860 tswj xyuas qhov hardness gradient nkhaus nrog kev nyeem ntawv txhua txhua 0.2 hli hla tus ntoo khaub lig-section, thiab txwv tsis pub muaj kev hloov pauv sai. Rau cov ntawv siv hnyav-haul nws kuj txwv qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv mus rau tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau HRC 5 ib hli thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj simulation.
Q4: Kuv tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub phaj phaj gradient ntawm qhov chaw yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj?
Siv Leeb hardness tester: ntsuas qhov chaw ua hauj lwm (cia siab tias HRC 45-50) thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov ntawv nyeem nyob rau sab ntawm lub phaj mus rau qhov chaw. Ib qho kev poob qis qhia tau tias muaj qhov tsim nyog gradient; ib qho tsis sib xws lossis poob qis sab profile qhia tias muaj teeb meem quenching.
Q5: Qhov chaw taug qab twg yuav tsum tau gradient-cov phaj tawv tawv feem ntau?
Hnyav- cov kab tsheb loj thiab siab - cov kab nrawm, qhov chaw sib koom ua ke pom qhov sib xyaw ua ke siab tshaj plaws ntawm fretting hnav thiab cuam tshuam kev thauj khoom. Tib lub logic siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov choj thiab qhov sib txuas, qhov kev nkag mus rau kev hloov pauv yog qhov nyuaj thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.