Surface Laser Strengthening Technology thiab txhim kho hnav tsis kam ntawm Standard Rails
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab cov txheej txheem hardened ntawm laser nto hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv ntsia?
Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm laser deg hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv rails yuav tsum precisely tswj laser hwj chim, scanning ceev thiab defocus npaum li cas, uas sib koom txiav txim seb qhov zoo ntawm cov hardened txheej. Lub zog laser yog tswj ntawm 2000-3000W; Lub hwj chim tsis txaus tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav austenitization ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau, thaum lub zog ntau dhau yuav ua rau melting ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Lub scanning ceev yog 5-8mm/s; Kev nrawm nrawm dhau los ua rau cov txheej txheej nyias nyias, thiab qeeb qeeb ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov loj heev. Tus nqi defocus yog +5mm los xyuas kom meej lub laser beam tsim ib qho teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau. Tom qab laser hardening, 0.8-1.2 hli tuab hardened txheej yog tsim nyob rau hauv rail tread, uas nws microstructure yog nplua-grained martensite, thiab saum npoo hardness ncav cuag HRC58-62, ntau dua li HRC30-35 ntawm cov tsoos rail tread. Lub caij no, cov txheej txheem hardened yog metallurgically sib koom ua ke rau cov khoom siv hauv paus nrog lub zog sib txuas Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 300MPa, tsis poob tawm, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam rov qab ntawm lub log thiab kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm cov txheej tawv tawv tau nce ntau dua 80%, txo qhov hnav ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm laser- hardened lub teb chaws tus qauv rails thiab lub teb chaws tus qauv zoo tib yam?
Cov kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm sib txawv ntawm laser- hardened lub teb chaws tus qauv rails thiab lub teb chaws tus qauv zoo tib yam yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv hardness nto, hnav tsis kam thiab qaug zog. Lub tread deg hardness ntawm laser-hardened rails yog ze li ntawm ob npaug, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov yas deformation los ntawm lub log- kev tsheb ciav hlau sib cuag, thaum cov tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam muaj kev cuam tshuam kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv ntev - kev sib txhuam. Hais txog kev hnav tsis kam, kev hnav txhua xyoo ntawm laser- cov hlua tawv tawv tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.2 hli, uas yog 1/3 ntawm cov hlua zoo tib yam, thiab lub neej kev pabcuam tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm 10 xyoo mus rau ntau tshaj 25 xyoo hauv hnyav- cov kab tsheb thauj mus los. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev qaug zog tsis kam, qhov seem residual compressive kev nyuaj siab ntawm laser{14}}hardened rails tuaj yeem ncav cuag 200-300MPa, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov pib thiab nthuav tawm ntawm kev qaug zog tawg, thiab nws lub neej qaug zog yog nce ntau dua 60% piv nrog cov kev sib txuas zoo tib yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ncov lub log -rail kev sib cuag kev nyuaj siab ntawm laser-hardened rails raug txo los ntawm 25%, uas txo qhov kev co thiab suab nrov ntawm lub log thiab tsheb ciav hlau thiab ua rau txoj kab khiav hauj lwm ruaj khov. Ordinary rails muaj feem cuam tshuam rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau vim yog qhov tawg ntawm qhov tawg, ua rau cov nqi tu kab thiab muaj peev xwm muaj kev phom sij.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem hloov kho ntawm laser hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv rails nyob rau hauv txawv kab ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob?
Cov txheej txheem adaptation yuav tsum ntawm laser hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv rails nyob rau hauv txawv kab kev ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob yog cov tub ntxhais rau kho lub thickness ntawm hardened txheej thiab laser scanning hom kom phim lub load yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab. Rau siab - txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau ceev nrog lub log me me- kev tsheb ciav hlau kev ntxhov siab tab sis muaj kev sib txhuam ntau zaus, lub thickness ntawm txheej hardened yuav tsum yog 0.8-1.0mm, thiab nruam laser scanning yog saws los xyuas kom meej lub flatness ntawm lub tread nto thiab tsis txhob cuam tshuam lub smoothness ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau khiav. Rau hnyav- cov kab tsheb ciav hlau nrog lub qag loj thauj khoom thiab muaj zog cuam tshuam, lub thickness ntawm cov txheej hardened yog nce mus rau 1.0-1.2mm, thiab pulsed laser scanning yog saws los txhim kho lub compactness ntawm hardened txheej thiab txhim khu kev tiv thaiv. Rau cov kab tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam nrog kev thauj khoom nruab nrab thiab kev sib txhuam zaus, lub thickness ntawm cov txheej hardened yog 0.9 hli, thiab txuas ntxiv laser scanning yog txaus, ntsuas kev ua tau zoo thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm. Sab hnav ntawm cov ntsia hlau nyob rau hauv me me vojvoog nkhaus ntu yog hnyav, yog li sab saum npoo kuj xav tau laser hardening dua li cov tread, lub thickness ntawm hardened txheej yog 0.6-0.8mm, thiab scanning dav yog nce mus rau 50mm los ua kom tiav cov hnav tsis kam.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ua thiab kev tsim kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm laser nto hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv ntsia?
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua thiab kev tsim kho ntawm laser nto hardening rau lub teb chaws tus qauv rails yog concentrated nyob rau hauv substrate pretreatment thiab laser processing txheej txheem tswj kom lub hardening nyhuv raws li cov qauv. Ua ntej ua tiav, cov tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum tau pretreated, thiab xeb, oxide nplai thiab hnav txheej ntawm qhov chaw raug tshem tawm los ntawm sander. Qhov saum npoo roughness tom qab xuab zeb yog tswj ntawm Ra1.6-Ra3.2μm kom tsis txhob muaj impurities cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam ntawm laser thiab substrate. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv los txhim kho txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm laser kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw txheeb ze ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab lub taub hau laser tseem tsis hloov pauv, nrog rau kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.1 hli. Argon roj tiv thaiv tau txais kev pom zoo thaum ua haujlwm nrog tus nqi ntws ntawm 10-15L / min los tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm qhov kub thiab qhov tsim ntawm oxide nplai cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem hardened. Tom qab ua tiav, cov txheej txheem tawv tawv raug kuaj, qhov tawv tawv tau kuaj pom los ntawm lub hardness tester, thiab lub thickness ntawm txheej hardened yog kuaj los ntawm ultrasonic thickness gauge. Qhov tsis tsim nyog yuav tsum tau laser-hardened dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum tau xuab zeb me ntsis kom tshem tawm cov slag me me ntawm qhov chaw thiab xyuas kom meej qhov smoothness ntawm lub tread.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntawm - qhov chaw tso thiab kev saib xyuas kev ceev faj rau laser - cov txheej txheem nyuaj hauv teb chaws?
Qhov ntawm - qhov chaw tso thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm laser- cov txheej txheem nyuaj hauv lub tebchaws yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau kev tso pob tw thiab kev tiv thaiv saum npoo kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm txheej txheej hardened. Thaum lub sij hawm nteg, lub pob tw pob qij txha ntawm laser-hardened rails yuav tsum precision- hauv av, nrog ib tug siab sib txawv tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug zos rau 0.1 hli thiab sab laug- txoj cai misalignment tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug li 0.1 hli ntawm cov pob qij txha, tsis txhob kauj ruam ntawm cov pob qij txha ua rau lub log - railed cuam tshuam. Tom qab tso, tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv- xeb lubricating roj yuav tsum tau siv rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau kom tiv thaiv cov txheej tawv tawv los ntawm xeb hauv qhov chaw ntub dej thiab txo qis kev sib txhuam qhuav ntawm lub log thiab tsheb ciav hlau. Thaum lub sij hawm txij nkawm, lub voj voog tshuaj xyuas tau txuas ntxiv mus rau 6 lub hlis piv nrog cov kev sib txuas zoo tib yam, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas yog los xyuas seb cov txheej tawv tawv puas muaj cov kab nrib pleb lossis poob. Thaum pom cov kab nrib pleb me me, lawv yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov xuab zeb hauv lub sijhawm kom tiv thaiv kev tawg. Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub ntaus lub hardened txheej ntawm rail tread nrog cov cuab yeej nyuaj kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txheej hardened. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib tsoo tus nqi yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tswj nyob rau hauv 0.1 hli thaum lub sij hawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau sib tsoo txij nkawm kom tsis txhob sib tsoo los ntawm cov hardened txheej thiab nthuav tawm cov khoom siv hauv paus.