Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Rail End Lub ntsej muag Perpendicularity thiab Aluminothermic Vuam Zoo
Vim li cas ho tsis tsim nyog rail kawg perpendicularity ncaj qha ua rau tsis tiav nkag rau hauv aluminothermic welds?
Aluminothermic welding cia siab rau tus kheej - qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau molten thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub rau sau rau hauv pwm. Qhov kawg inclined tsim ib qho "tsis sib xws" (dav ntawm ib sab, nqaim ntawm lwm qhov). Molten steel fim siab txaus tsis kam nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv nqaim thiab solidifies sai dua nyob rau hauv dav qhov sib txawv, tiv thaiv tag nrho sau rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav. Kev nkag mus tsis tiav txhais tau hais tias tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm metallurgical hauv zos, nrog kev sib txuas tsuas yog los ntawm slag lossis me me ntawm cov hlau. Qhov tsis xws luag no txo qhov sib koom ua ke lub zog tensile kom tsawg dua 50% ntawm tus nqi tsim, ua rau nws yooj yim rau nkig tawg nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau dynamic loads.
Dab tsi yog tus qauv kam rau ua qhov kawg perpendicularity, thiab cov kev cai sib txawv li cas ntawm cov kab tsheb ciav hlau?
Raws li "Technical Conditions for Rail Aluminothermic Vuam," tag nrho perpendicularity kam rau ua ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau kawg yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 0.5 hli. Lub taub hau kev tsheb ciav hlau muaj qhov yuav tsum tau nruj tshaj plaws, nrog rau qhov yuam kev perpendicularity txwv rau 0.3mm, raws li nws yog cov tub ntxhais thauj khoom -cov kabmob qhov chaw uas qhov vuam tsis zoo yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Lub vev xaib kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab lub hauv paus tso cai rau so kom txaus rau 0.5mm tab sis yuav tsum tiaj tus yam tsis muaj kauj ruam -zoo li qhov tsis xws luag. Ntawm - qhov chaw sib tsoo yuav tsum siv cov tshuab tshwj xeeb kawg sib tsoo, tsis yog phau ntawv lub kaum sab xis, kom ua tiav qhov siab precision.
Dhau li ntawm kev nkag tsis tiav, dab tsi lwm yam aluminothermic vuam tsis xws luag yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kawg inclination?
Ntxiv nrog rau kev nkag mus tsis tiav, feem ntau qhov tsis xws luag yog "slag inclusions" thiab "porosity." Qhov kawg inclined ua rau asymmetry nyob rau hauv lub pwm kab noj hniav, cuam tshuam molten steel ntws. Slag tsis tuaj yeem ntab ncaj nraim mus rau lub riser thiab yog daig hauv cov hlau, sib sau ua ke. Meanwhile, qhov turbulent flow field tiv thaiv roj khiav, tsim ntom porosity nyob rau hauv weld. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kawg inclination ua rau ntau dhau "step mismatch" (rail heads tsis nyob rau tib lub dav hlau), geometric defect uas exacerbates log-rail cuam tshuam thiab indirectly txo lub neej.
Yuav ua li cas tshawb xyuas qhov kawg ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm -qhov chaw siv cov cuab yeej yooj yim?
Cov cuab yeej yooj yim tus qauv yog "rail end square ruler," uas muaj peb qhov ntsuas qhov chaw (lub taub hau, lub vev xaib, hauv paus) ua kom zoo sib xws ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau hla -section. Thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, muab tus pas ntsuas square kom nruj rau qhov kawg thiab ntsuas qhov sib txawv nrog lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas; tus nqi siab tshaj plaws yog qhov yuam kev perpendicularity. Yog tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, siv "ob npaug- txoj kab" tuaj yeem siv: kos ob qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov kawg thiab ua ib txoj kab ntsug laser rau kev sib piv. Txawm hais tias me ntsis yog qhov tseeb, txoj kev no ceev nrooj txheeb xyuas qhov kawg inclination.
Yog hais tias qhov perpendicularity ntawm ib tug txiav rail xaus yog substandard, yuav ua li cas cov kev kho yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv -site?
Txoj kev kho tsuas yog theem nrab precision sib tsoo; welding yog txwv tsis pub. Ua ntej, ntxuav oxide nplai thiab roj los ntawm qhov kawg thiab txhim kho txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm lub platform sib tsoo tshwj xeeb. Tom qab ntawd, siv lub tsheb ciav hlau kawg grinder los ua kev sib tsoo tag nrho ntawm qhov kawg inclined, xa mus rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau txoj kab nruab nrab ntev. Rov ua dua nrog tus pas ntsuas square thaum sib tsoo kom txog thaum qhov kev ua yuam kev perpendicularity ua tau raws li cov qauv. Yog tias kev sib tsoo theem nrab ua kom luv luv ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ntau dhau, rov kho qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias nws nyob hauv tus qauv ntawm 25-30mm.