Qib Lub Zog thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm Rail Bolts / Spittles
Dab tsi yog cov qhab nia ntawm lub zog thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov rail bolts?
Cov qib tseem ceeb ntawm cov rail bolts yog 8.8, 10.9, 12.9 qib, thiab tseem muaj 4.8 qib zoo tib yam bolts, haum rau cov khoom sib txawv thiab qib kab. Qib 4.8 bolts yog ua los ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam nrog lub zog tensile ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 400MPa, haum rau kev lag luam thiab mining qis - cov kab hluav taws xob ceev kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau yooj yim kho. Qib 8.8 siab- lub zog bolts muaj lub zog tensile ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 800MPa thiab lub zog tawm los ntawm Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 640MPa, uas yog cov qauv tseem ceeb rau cov kab tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam thiab cov kab metro, tsim rau cov pa sib txuas ntawm cov ntses phaj thiab cov phaj siab. Qib 10.9 bolts muaj lub zog tensile ntawm Greater los yog sib npaug rau 1000MPa thiab lub zog tawm los ntawm Greater dua los yog sib npaug rau 900MPa, haum rau siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev thiab hnyav - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev kub ceev thiab hnyav hnyav. Qib 12.9 bolts yog ultra{21}}lub zog siab nrog lub zog tensile ntawm Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 1200MPa, haum rau hnyav hnyav- nqa nqa taug kev, nrog kev siv me me tab sis muaj zog heev, thiab tuaj yeem xaiv raws li xav tau.
Dab tsi yog qhov khoom sib txawv ntawm ntses bolts thiab siab phaj bolts?
Ntses bolts, tseem hu ua bevel taub hau bolts, muaj ib lub taub hau bevel tsim, haum rau oblique bolt qhov ntawm ntses daim hlau, tiv thaiv bolt tig thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke. Siab phaj bolts muaj lub taub hau hexagonal tsim nrog lub taub hau tiaj tus, haum rau lub qhov ncaj ntawm cov phaj siab, yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm torque wrench thiab txhim kho installation efficiency. Tus pas nrig ntawm cov ntses ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog tag nrho threaded, thiab cov xov ntev yog hloov mus rau lub thickness ntawm cov ntses phaj kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog nias tom qab zawm thiab tiv thaiv kev sib koom ua ke. Lub siab phaj ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog semi- xov, tus pas nrig du bears shear quab yuam, thiab xov ib feem bears tensile quab yuam, nrog ntau tsim nyog quab yuam thiab haum rau rail lateral txwv kev thov. Ntses bolts yog tsim rau kev sib txuas ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab lub siab phaj bolts rau rail lateral fixation, ob qho tib si muaj cov qauv sib txawv, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev teeb tsa thiab tsis sib hloov.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev tiv thaiv -loosing tsim thiab installation torque yuav tsum tau ntawm rail bolts?
Kev tiv thaiv -loosing tsim ntawm rail bolts feem ntau suav nrog peb txoj kev: lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws tiv thaiv -loosing, xauv txiv ntseej anti-loosing thiab torque locking anti-loosing, yoog raws li qhov xav tau. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntxhua khaub ncaws tiv thaiv- loosening muaj tus nqi qis, tiv thaiv bolt loosening los ntawm elastic rebound ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, haum rau cov kab tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam thiab cov kab kev lag luam thiab cov mining. Cov txiv ntseej xauv tau ua - hauv cov khoom siv xauv, uas tom cov xov tom qab zawm nrog zoo dua los tiv thaiv -loosing nyhuv, haum rau metro thiab siab - cov kab tsheb ciav hlau ceev. Torque locking anti- loosening tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob xoob los ntawm kev tswj kom nruj torque thiab siv xov kev sib txhuam, uas yog cov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv - txoj kev xoob xoob rau siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev. Lub installation torque ntawm qib 8.8 bolts rau cov kev tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam yog tswj ntawm 350-400N·m, thiab qib 10.9 bolts rau siab- kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ntawm 500-550N·m nrog lub zog sib txawv ntawm 5% lossis sib npaug li ± 2 under-torque installation yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub los xyuas kom meej anti-loosing nyhuv.
Dab tsi yog hom rail spikes thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev teeb tsa anchoring?
Rail spikes feem ntau muab faib ua peb pawg: ntsia hlau spikes, sulfur anchored spikes thiab resin anchored spikes, uas yog cov tseem ceeb anchoring connectors ntawm rails thiab sleepers. Screw spikes muaj cov xov tsim, uas tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov threaded qhov ntawm ntoo sleepers los yog qhob pw tsaug zog, nrog rau kev yooj yim installation thiab haum rau ballasted lem ntawm zoo tib yam railways. Sulfur anchored spikes yog anchored los ntawm pouring sulfur mortar nrog siab anchoring zog, haum rau ruaj khov kho ntawm cov pob zeb pw tsaug zog, thiab yog cov qauv tseem ceeb rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam. Resin anchored spikes yog poured nrog resin anchoring tus neeg saib xyuas, nrog ceev ceev curing ceev thiab uniform anchoring quab yuam, haum rau ballastless lem ntawm siab - ceev railways thiab xwm ceev kho xwm txheej xwm. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev sib tw anchoring yog tias qhov tob ntawm qhov sib npaug yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 150mm, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov qis dua los yog sib npaug li 1 degree, thiab tus neeg sawv cev thauj khoom tau ntim tag nrho yam tsis muaj qhov khoob los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thiab xyuas kom muaj kev txhim kho ntsug ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev tiv thaiv- kev kho corrosion thiab kev pab cuam lub neej lav ntsuas ntawm bolts / spikes?
Cov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv -txoj kev kho corrosion rau bolts / spikes muaj xws li kub-dip galvanizing, dacromet txheej thiab tiv thaiv-corrosion roj immersion, yoog rau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Kub-dip galvanizing kev kho mob muaj txheej txheej thickness ntau dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 85μm thiab zoo heev corrosion kuj, haum rau cov ntug dej hiav txwv av thiab saline -alkali cheeb tsam kab nrog ib tug kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 15 xyoo. Dacromet txheej muaj cov tshuaj tsw qab ntsev ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1000 teev thiab tsis muaj hydrogen embrittlement txaus ntshai, tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv{10}}corrosion xav tau ntawm siab- lub zog bolts, thiab nyiam rau siab - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev. Kev tiv thaiv-cov roj immersion muaj tus nqi qis, haum rau cov kab hauv av qhuav, thiab cov roj los tiv thaiv - xeb yuav tsum tau rov ua dua -coated tsis tu ncua. Kev pab cuam lub neej lav kuj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm xeb thiab xoob ntawm bolts / spikes, zawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj torque ib zaug hauv ib lub hlis twg, thiab ua los tiv thaiv -corrosion re- txheej ib xyoos ib zaug. Yog hais tias lub bolt xeb loj dua los yog sib npaug rau 2 hli los yog cov kab nrib pleb yog xoob, nws yuav tsum tau hloov lub sij hawm kom tsis txhob muaj peev xwm taug qab kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev sib txuas tsis ua haujlwm.