Vim Li Cas Hnyav Rail Zoo Tswj Tau Tightly
Hnyav rail, txhais nyob rau hauv Suav xyaum raws li rail ntawm 43 kg / m thiab siab dua thiab nyob rau hauv European xyaum raws li Vignole rail ntawm 46 kg / m thiab siab dua, nqa lub log loads ntawm txhua lub tsheb ciav hlau hla. Ib qho kev puas tsuaj sab hauv xws li cov kab noj hniav shrinkage, ib qho kev sib cais los yog cov subsurface suav nrog tuaj yeem loj hlob mus rau hauv txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv rov qab khoov. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntau lawm yog li npog tag nrho cov saw hlau los ntawm ladle chemistry los ntawm dov profile mus rau kev ua tiav txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, thiab cov txheej txheem kev lees paub tau sau rau hauv cov qauv kom cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov mills hais tib hom lus.
Mechanical Property Testing
Tensile xeem ntsuas yield zog, tensile lub zog thiab elongation, uas ua pov thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem tiv thaiv ob qho tib si elastic deflection thiab mus tas li deformation nyob rau hauv qag load. Kev ntsuam xyuas cuam tshuam (Charpy) ntsuas lub zog lub tsheb ciav hlau nqus ua ntej tawg thiab chij qis - cov khoom siv tawv uas tuaj yeem ua tsis tau thaum huab cua txias. Rau qib U75V feem ntau siv ntawm 60 kg / m cov kab tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb, lub zog tensile yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 980 MPa; qib U71Mn qhia tsis tsawg dua 880 MPa. Ob leeg raug txheeb xyuas ntawm cov qauv coj los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm cov dov rail, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau raug kaw rau ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj zeb xeem uas cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum thov nrog txhua qhov khoom xa tuaj.
Tso Hammer Test
Kev ntsuas qhov poob rauj simulates qhov cuam tshuam tam sim ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem pom los ntawm lub log flats, dipped welds lossis thauj khoom puas. Ib lub rauj ntawm qhov teev loj yog tso tawm los ntawm qhov siab uas tau teev tseg mus rau lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau uas txhawb nqa dhau qhov kev ncua, thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob pom cov kab nrib pleb lossis tawg. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yog qhov hnyav los ntawm kev tsim: nws siv tau ob qho tib si tawg toughness ntawm cov hlau thiab lub suab ntawm cov dov seem, thiab nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kev lees txais classic nyob rau hauv Suav rail ntau lawm xyaum rau hnyav rail qib.
Acid Ech Macrographic Inspection
Ib qho transverse los yog longitudinal hlais ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog hauv av, etched nrog acid thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm qis magnification rau cov qauv sab hauv. Lub etch qhia txog qhov shrinkage kab noj hniav, porosity, nruab nrab segregation, yeeb nkab thiab lwm yam solidification defects uas yuav dim ib tug dimension. Lub suab sab hauv yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm qaug zog, vim tias txhua qhov kev suav nrog thiab kab noj hniav yog qhov muaj peev xwm tawg tau. Cov qib kev tsheb ciav hlau hnyav kuj tseem raug kuaj xyuas ultrasonic ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb ciav hlau ntev txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam sab hauv uas macroography ntawm cov qauv tsis tuaj yeem npog.
Surface thiab Dimensional Inspection
Qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw raug tshuaj xyuas rau cov kab nrib pleb, quav, khawb thiab dov - hauv nplai, uas raug txwv los ntawm cov qauv kev tsheb ciav hlau vim tias lawv pib qaug zog tawg hauv kev tsheb khiav. Dimensional soj ntsuam xyuas qhov siab ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau, lub taub hau dav, qhov dav ntawm ko taw thiab qhov ncaj tawm tsam qhov kev ua siab ntev ntawm cov qauv tsim, vim tias cov txheej txheem fastening thiab cov khoom sib koom ua ke tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov ntev. Niaj hnub nimno mills khiav eddy tam sim no thiab sib nqus particle probes nyob rau saum npoo kab thiab automated laser gauges rau profile, yog li 100 feem pua kev pab them nqi yog tus qauv xyaum.
Standards System
Suav hnyav tsheb ciav hlau yog muab rau GB / T 2585 thiab TB / T 2344, uas txhais cov profiles (43, 50, 60, 75 kg / m), qib steel thiab cov cai tshuaj xyuas. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob qib workhorse yog teev nyob rau hauv nruj bands: U71Mn nrog carbon 0.65-0.76% thiab manganese 1.10-1.50%, thiab U75V nrog carbon 0.71-0.80%, manganese 0.70-1.05% thiab vanadium 0.04-0.12% ntxiv dag zog rau. Cov haujlwm nyob sab Europe siv EN 13674-1 rau Vignole rails ntawm 46 kg / m thiab siab dua, thiab North American tej yaam num siv AREMA Tshooj 4, uas teev cov tshuaj, txhua yam thiab qhov ntev yuav tsum tau rau ntsia hauv nti units. Cov neeg yuav khoom xa tawm yuav tsum paub meej tias tus qauv twg yuav tau lees paub, vim tias qhov profile qhov ntev ntawm 60 kg / m rail txawv me ntsis ntawm Suav thiab EN / UIC seem.
FAQ
Q1: Cov kev ntsuam xyuas dab tsi tau ua ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau hnyav ua ntej xa khoom?Tensile thiab Charpy impact tests, qhov poob rauj xeem, kua qaub etch macroographic tshuaj ntsuam, ultrasonic puv -length kuaj, nto defect tshuaj ntsuam xyuas thiab dimensional profile pov thawj.
Q2: Dab tsi yog qhov poob rauj kuaj rau kev tsheb nqaj hlau?Ib lub rauj ntawm qhov teev loj yog poob los ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov siab mus rau lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau hla ib ntu; Txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum muaj sia nyob yam tsis muaj kab nrib pleb lossis tawg, ua pov thawj cuam tshuam toughness thiab sab hauv soundness.
Q3: Cov qauv twg tswj hwm kev tsheb ciav hlau hnyav?GB / T 2585 thiab TB / T 2344 hauv Suav teb, EN 13674-1 hauv Europe, thiab AREMA Tshooj 4 hauv North America; txhua qhov teeb tsa muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov ntev thiab cov cai tshuaj xyuas.
Q4: Lub zog tensile ntawm 60 kg / m rail yog dab tsi?Qib U75V qhia tsis tsawg dua 980 MPa thiab U71Mn tsis tsawg dua 880 MPa, nrog kev lees paub sau rau ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj zeb xeem.
Q5: Dab tsi yog acid etch tshuaj xyuas?Internal defects xws li shrinkage kab noj hniav, porosity, segregation thiab cov yeeb nkab uas tsis tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov chaw tab sis yuav ua rau cov tsheb ciav hlau tsis muaj zog thaum thauj khoom.