Zuag qhia tag nrho Adaptation and Maintenance Standards for Fastening Systems
Vim li cas cov khoom ntawm fastening system xav tau kev hloov kho tag nrho?
Cov khoom ntawm lub fastening system ua hauj lwm ua ke los txhim kho txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab xa cov khoom thauj. Kev hloov kho tag nrho tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab sib npaug thiab zam dhau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom hauv zos. Yog hais tias lub clamping quab yuam ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tsis sib haum nrog lub zog ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj, nws yuav ua rau bolt puas los yog rail clip deformation, cuam tshuam rau tag nrho fastening nyhuv. Lub rub- tawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm rail spikes thiab cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau yuav tsum tau yoog rau cov kab thauj khoom, txwv tsis pub hauv zos yuav tshwm sim, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam cov saw hlau. Kev hloov kho tag nrho tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib tw, txo lub log- kev tsheb nqaj hlau, thiab txhim kho kev tsav tsheb du thiab kev nyab xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hloov tau yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa, kev saib xyuas thiab hloov pauv, txo cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm lub cev.
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm lub fastening system?
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag, ntsuas qhov ntsuas lub zog kom nrawm, ntsuas qhov hnav thiab kho kab mob. Kev kuaj pom pom yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov kab nrib pleb, deformation, xeb thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau clips, bolts, rail spikes thiab lwm yam khoom, thiab sau qhov txawv txav raws sijhawm. Siv lub torque ciaj ntswj txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua raws li cov qauv tsim, thiab rov-tighten bolts xoob. Ntsuam xyuas qhov hnav ntawm cov khoom xws li hauv qab - cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov hlua tsheb ciav hlau, thiab hloov cov khoom ntau tshaj qhov tso cai raws sijhawm. Kho cov kab mob uas pom tau raws li qib: cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem kho tau, thiab cov kab mob hnyav (xws li pob txha) yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv txij nkawm, cov ntaub ntawv xeem cov ntaub ntawv, thiab muab lub hauv paus rau kev saib xyuas tom ntej.
Yuav ua li cas tswj tus kab mob tus nqi ntawm fastening system nyob rau hauv 0.5%?
Ua ntej, siab - cov khoom zoo uas ua tau raws li cov qauv yuav tsum raug xaiv kom txo tau cov kab mob los ntawm qhov chaw. Txhim kho nruj me ntsis raws li kev tsim kho tshwj xeeb los xyuas kom meej qhov kev teeb tsa raug thiab sib npaug ntawm kev ntxhov siab ntawm txhua yam, zam cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev teeb tsa tsis raug. Tsim kom muaj ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tsis tu ncua: ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam ceev ib hlis ib zaug thiab kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas txhua rau lub hlis txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhaws). Ua kom muaj kev soj ntsuam ntau zaus rau qhov siab - qhov pheej hmoo (xws li nkhaus, hnyav- ntu thauj) thiab tsom mus saib xyuas cov xwm txheej. Ntxiv dag zog rau kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas txhawm rau txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm txheeb xyuas thiab kho cov kab mob, kom ntseeg tau tias cov kab mob tshawb pom tuaj yeem daws tau raws sijhawm thiab ua tau zoo.
Dab tsi yog kev saib xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj hlua khi ntawm kev siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev thiab hnyav - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau?
High - kev ceev kev tsheb ciav hlau kev saib xyuas tsom ntau dua ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau clip clamping quab yuam thiab taug qab smoothness, nrog ntau dua kev tshawb nrhiav. Dynamic nrhiav kom tau nrog cov tsheb soj ntsuam xyuas txhua lub hlis twg. Hnyav-haul railway txij nkawm tsom mus rau lub bolt torque thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug zog tiv thaiv, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ntses phaj bolts thiab rail spike anchoring xwm txheej yuav tsum tau ua txhua lub hlis. High - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev tau qis dua rau kev hnav thiab deformation, thiab me ntsis sib txawv yuav tsum tau hloov kho lossis hloov. Hnyav- txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tsom ntau dua rau cov kab mob loj xws li cov khoom tawg thiab xoob. High- kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev yuav tsum muaj - cov cuab yeej kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb kom paub meej qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev geometric. Hnyav-haul railway txij nkawm yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev thauj khoom-cov kabmob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev yog feem ntau ua thaum lub caij ntuj sov hmo ntuj, xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ceev. Hnyav-haul railway txij nkawm yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom haum raws li kab tsheb khiav.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm fastening system?
Lub rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub fastening system ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob khiav. Kev rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua haujlwm yuav ua rau lub teeb liab luv luv thiab lub tswb tsis tseeb, cuam tshuam rau kev xa tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tsav tsheb. Kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem zam tsis txhob cuam tshuam tam sim no ntawm cov khoom siv thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov khoom siv hlau xws li cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov bolts. Kev saib xyuas ntawm rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv huab cua hnyav xws li nag thiab av noo, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov txo qis ntawm rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm dej nag. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb liab tsis ua haujlwm, ua rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab kev lag luam poob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li cov thaiv thaiv thaiv, cov ntaub qhwv) tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv tsis pub tsawg dua 1MΩ, ua kom cov haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob.