Kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab kev hloov kho ntawm cov phaj siab
Vim li cas Q355 steel nyiam rau nias daim hlau?
Nias daim hlau ua los ntawm Q355 steel muaj lub zog tawm los ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 355MPa thiab lub zog tensile ntawm 470-630MPa, uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntawm cov kev txwv sab nraud thiab tiv thaiv kev tsheb nqaj hlau sab nraud. Piv nrog Q235 steel, Q355 steel muaj lub zog ntau dua, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov tuab ntawm cov ntawv xovxwm los ntawm 2-3mm thaum ua kom cov load-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, paub txog lub teeb yuag thiab txo cov load ntawm lub hauv paus khiav. Q355 steel muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 34J (20 degree), thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua rau tawg tawg nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau cuam tshuam, nrog rau kev pab cuam lub neej 30% ntev dua Q235 steel nias daim hlau. Cov khoom siv no muaj qhov zoo weldability thiab kev ua tau zoo, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau L-shaped, Z-shaped thiab lwm yam qauv los ntawm stamping, dabtsi yog khoov thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, yoog raws cov xwm txheej sib txawv. Q355 steel muaj qhov sib npaug siab ntawm tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo, kev lag luam ntau dua li cov hlau alloy thiab kev ua tau zoo dua li Q235 steel, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nias daim hlau.
Yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem ntawm nias daim hlau hloov mus rau txawv rail qauv?
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntawv xovxwm yuav tsum raug tsim raws li qhov tsis xws li kev tsheb nqaj hlau dav thiab tuab kom nruj nruj thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Rau 50kg / m rails (rail puag dav 132mm), L-puab nias yog feem ntau siv. Qhov dav ntawm lub phaj nias haum yog tsim los ua 50-60mm, muab lub siab rau sab nraud los ntawm ib qho -taw tes fastening, nrog cov qauv yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis . 60kg / m rails (rail puag dav 150mm) yuav tsum tau Z-puab nias, siv ob-point quab yuam-cov kabmob tsim, nrog rau qhov dav dav ntawm 70{16}}80mm kom tawg siab thiab tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau hauv zos ntawm cov ntsia hlau. 75kg / m hnyav-haul rails (rail puag dav 180mm) xav tau groove-shaped pressing daim hlau uas qhwv ob sab ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau, muab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua los yog sib npaug rau 15kN, yoog raws qhov loj qag load. Cov txheej txheem txawv teb chaws xws li UIC 60kg / m (rail puag dav 150mm) yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb adaptive nias daim hlau, nrog lub qhov layout txuam txawv teb chaws bolts kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam. Qee cov ntawv xovxwm tau txais cov qauv hloov kho, hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau thicknesses (16-22mm) los ntawm kev hloov cov gaskets, muaj zog ntau yam thiab txo cov nqi khoom muag.
Yuav ua li cas lub installation raug ntawm nias daim hlau cuam tshuam kev ruaj ntseg?
The installation accuracy of pressing plates directly affects the lateral constraint effect. If the fitting gap between the pressing plate and the rail base is >1mm, qhov kev txwv yuav ua tsis tiav, thiab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog qhov yooj yim mus rau sab nraud. Thaum lub zawm torque ntawm nias phaj bolts tsis txaus (<80N·m), the pressing plate cannot provide sufficient lateral pressure, and the rail is prone to rollover under the centrifugal force of the train, especially on curved lines with higher risks. If the pressing plate position is offset during installation (lateral deviation >2mm), lub zog- bearing point yuav hloov, ua rau lub zos kev nyuaj siab concentration, exacerbating hnav ntawm lub nias phaj thiab rail, thiab shortening lub neej kev pab cuam. High-precision installation (fitting gap Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.5mm, torque deviation Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 5%, txoj hauj lwm sib txawv Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 1mm) tuaj yeem xyuas kom meej tias cov phaj nias sib npaug sib npaug ntawm lub zog sab nraud, tswj cov kev tsheb nqaj hlau sab nraud tsis pub dhau tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 1mm thiab ua kom ntseeg tau qhov kev ruaj ntseg. Cov kab nkhaus muaj qhov xav tau ntau dua rau kev teeb tsa raug; Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov tseeb kom paub tseeb tias qhov haum ntawm lub phaj nias thiab lub tsheb ciav hlau, thiab nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ntsuas khi rods txhawm rau txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm sab nraud.
Dab tsi yog qhov hnav mechanism ntawm nias daim hlau ntawm hnyav -cov kab? Yuav txo qhov hnav li cas?
The wear of pressing plates on heavy-haul lines is mainly caused by relative sliding between the rail and the pressing plate, and vibration friction generated by wheel-rail impact. When heavy-haul trains pass, the rail produces micro-displacement under lateral force, causing sliding friction on the fitting surface with the pressing plate, leading to surface wear. High-frequency vibration (50-200Hz) generated by wheel-rail impact causes impact friction between the pressing plate, rail and bolts, exacerbating wear, especially around the pressing plate edges and bolt holes. Measures to reduce wear include: spraying a wear-resistant coating (such as WC-Co coating) on the pressing plate fitting surface, with a hardness of over HRC60, improving wear resistance by 2-3 times; selecting wear-resistant steel (such as NM400) to make pressing plates with higher surface hardness and stronger wear resistance; optimizing the pressing plate structural design, increasing the fitting surface area to disperse pressure and reduce friction per unit area; applying grease on the fitting surface during installation to form an oil film and reduce the sliding friction coefficient; regularly inspect the wear of pressing plates and replace them in a timely manner when the wear amount >2mm kom tsis txhob muaj kev txwv tsis ua haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom thiab cov qauv tsim ntawm txawv teb chaws tus qauv thiab lub teb chaws tus qauv nias daim hlau?
Lub teb chaws tus qauv nias daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm Q355 thiab 45 # steel, tsom rau qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab tus nqi. Qee qhov hnyav -cov kab tsheb siv 20MnTiB alloy steel kom ua tau raws li cov kev thauj khoom yooj yim-cov kabmob uas yuav tsum tau ua. Cov txheej txheem txawv teb chaws xws li German SKL nias daim hlau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm siab - lub zog alloy steel (xws li 42CrMo), nrog rau hardness ntawm HRC30-35 tom qab quenching thiab tempering kev kho mob, muaj lub zog zoo dua thiab hnav tsis kam, yoog rau siab -ceev thiab hnyav-haul. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim qauv, lub teb chaws tus qauv nias daim hlau yog L-zoo li tus thiab Z- zoo li tus, nrog ib tug yooj yim qauv, yooj yim installation thiab muaj zog versatility, adapting rau mainstream domestic rail qauv. Cov txheej txheem xovxwm txawv teb chaws feem ntau txais yuav cov qauv sib xyaw (cov phaj nruj + elastic cushion txheej), qhov chaw elastic cushion txheej absorbs kev co, txo cov kev sib txhuam nyuaj, thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv Circuit Court. Cov txheej txheem xovxwm txawv teb chaws muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.2 hli thiab lub qhov rooj qhov tseeb ntawm Less tshaj lossis sib npaug rau ± 0.5 hli, thaum lub teb chaws tus qauv xovxwm phaj muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 0.5mm thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm ± 1mm. Txawv teb chaws tus qauv nias daim hlau them nyiaj ntau dua rau kev tsim qauv, hloov mus rau ntau yam kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom sib txawv, thaum lub teb chaws tus qauv nias daim hlau yog feem ntau tshwj xeeb-lub hom phiaj nrog tsis muaj zog versatility.