Matching Calculation Method for Anchorage Depth of Rail Spikes thiab Sleeper Bearing Capacity
Vim li cas ho tsis txaus anchoring qhov tob ntawm spikes yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau pw tsaug zog tawg nyob rau hauv nro?
Tsis txaus anchoring qhov tob ntawm spikes yuav ua rau anchoring quab yuam nyob deb tshaj tus nqi tsim. Lub zog rub tawm thaum lub caij tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm yuav tau tsom mus rau qhov qhib qhov rooj qhib ntawm lub sleeper. Lub anchorage qhib ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog yog qhov chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab. Thaum lub anchoring qhov tob tsis txaus, lub zog rub tsis tuaj yeem sib npaug sib npaug mus rau sab hauv ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog los ntawm qhov dav dav, tab sis yog concentrated nyob rau hauv ib qho me me ntawm qhov qhib anchorage. Cov pob zeb lossis cov khoom siv ntoo hauv cheeb tsam no yuav tsim cov kab nrib pleb vim muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau hauv zos. Cov kab nrib pleb yuav txuas ntxiv nthuav dav nrog lub tsheb ciav hlau kev co, nws thiaj li ua rau tawg ntawm qhov chaw pw tsaug zog anchorage qhib nyob rau hauv nruj nreem thiab tag nrho poob ntawm anchoring muaj peev xwm. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub spike kuj yuav loosen thiab qaij vim tsis txaus anchoring quab yuam, ntxiv exacerbating qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov pw tsaug zog.
Vim li cas thiaj li muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv qhov tob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pob zeb pw tsaug zog thiab cov ntoo pw tsaug zog, thiab qhov sib txawv li niaj zaus yog dab tsi?
Pob zeb pw tsaug zog muaj cov khoom siv siab thiab lub zog compressive tab sis siab brittleness, thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov spikes feem ntau yog 150-180mm; ntoo sleepers muaj zoo toughness thiab tsis tshua muaj compressive zog, thiab lub anchoring qhov tob ntawm spikes yog feem ntau 100-120mm. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob yog li 50mm. Cov pob zeb ua pob zeb xav tau qhov sib sib zog nqus anchoring qhov tob kom tawg lub zog rub ntawm qhov ntsia hlau loj los ntawm kev ua kom thaj chaw sib cuag thiab zam kev tawg ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm qhov qhib anchorage. Ntoo sleepers muaj zoo toughness. Tom qab cov ntsia hlau loj yog embedded, nws yuav tsim ib tug nruj mechanical interlock nrog ntoo, thiab ib tug kuj ntiav anchoring qhov tob yuav tau txais txaus anchoring quab yuam. Yog tias qhov tob ntawm cov ntoo pw tsaug zog yog qhov tob heev, nws yuav txiav ntau cov ntoo fibers, uas yuav txo tau qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntoo pw tsaug zog thiab ua rau tawg ntawm cov ntoo tsaug zog. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tob ntawm ob hom kev pw tsaug zog yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lawv cov khoom siv.
Qhov twg bearing muaj peev xwm Performance index ntawm lub sleeper yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau xam lub anchoring qhov tob ntawm spikes, thiab yog vim li cas?
Kev suav ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov spikes yuav tsum siv qhov "qhov kawg rub- tawm cov kabmob" ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb. Qhov ntsuas no hais txog qhov siab tshaj plaws uas tus neeg pw tsaug zog tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov rub tawm - tawm yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Lub hom phiaj tsim ntawm qhov tob tob yog ua kom lub zog ntawm qhov sib npaug tsawg dua qhov kawg rub tawm - tawm lub peev xwm ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog, nrog rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm ntau dua 2 zaug tshwj tseg. Yog hais tias lub compressive bearing muaj peev xwm ntawm lub sleeper yog coj los ua lub hauv paus, nws tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog hauv qab rub- tawm load, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev tsim tsis txaus ntawm qhov tob tob. Qhov kawg rub- tawm cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ua tiav txiav txim siab cov khoom siv lub zog ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog, tus ntoo khaub lig- qhov loj me ntawm qhov qhib qhov qhib thiab cov txheej txheem thauj tog rau nkoj, thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog qhov txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog ntawm qhov dav dav. Yog li ntawd, xam qhov tob anchoring raws li qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem anchoring.
Vim li cas cov neeg pw tsaug zog ntawm hnyav - cov kab tsheb yuav tsum tau ua kom cov kab nrib pleb anchoring qhov tob ntawm 20mm piv nrog cov kab zoo tib yam - ceev?
Cov tsheb ciav hlau ntawm hnyav- cov kab tsheb thauj khoom muaj lub qag loj thauj khoom, thiab lub zog rub tawm los ntawm cov spikes tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.8 npaug ntawm cov kab ncaj nraim - nrawm, yog li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub zog thauj khoom tau nce siab heev. Kev nce qhov tob ntawm qhov tob ntawm 20mm tuaj yeem ua rau thaj chaw sib txuas ntawm cov ntsia hlau loj thiab cov pob zeb pw tsaug zog li ntawm 12%, thiab lub zog thauj khoom tuaj yeem nce 10% -15% synchronously. Qhov tob ntawm 150mm rau qhov zoo tib yam - cov kab nrawm tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm nws txoj kev rub tawm, tab sis nyob rau hauv hnyav - cov kab tsheb thauj khoom, lub zog thauj khoom ntawm qhov tob no yuav tsis txaus, thiab qhov dav dav yog qhov yooj yim rau loosening. Tom qab ua kom qhov tob ntawm qhov tob, lub zog ntawm qhov sib tsoo tuaj yeem tshaj qhov kev rub tawm ntawm qhov hnyav- cov kab, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev nce qhov tob hauv qhov tob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw pw tsaug zog anchorage qhib, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus neeg pw tsaug zog tau tawg hauv qhov nro, thiab hloov mus rau qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm cov kab hnyav.
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm - qhov chaw tsim kho, yuav ua li cas los tswj qhov tob ntawm qhov tob ntawm spikes nrog cov cuab yeej yooj yim kom tsis txhob sib txawv?
Cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim tshaj plaws los tswj lub qhov tob ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm - kev tsim kho qhov chaw yog "qhov tob qhov chaw sib dhos", uas tuaj yeem kho qhov ntev raws li tus qauv tsim qhov tob thiab kho ntawm qhov dav. Thaum txhim kho cov ntsia hlau loj, hauv qab ntawm lub fixture yog txuas nrog rau qhov chaw pw tsaug zog, thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov ntsia hlau loj uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub txaj pw yog qhov tsim qhov tob, uas tuaj yeem ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tob lossis tob dhau. Rau cov sulfur anchoring, ib txoj kab ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov tob tuaj yeem kos rau ntawm qhov ntsia hlau loj nrog cov xim raws li kev siv rau kev teeb tsa. Rau resin anchoring, lub tes tsho tshwj xeeb anchoring tuaj yeem siv tau. Qhov ntev ntawm lub tes tsho yog qhov tsim anchoring qhov tob. Tom qab cov ntsia hlau loj tau muab tso rau hauv lub tes tsho, qhov tob tuaj yeem ua kom muaj tseeb. Tom qab kev tsim kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv cov spikes thiab ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tob nrog cov kab xev hlau. Qhov sib txawv yuav tsum tau tswj tsis pub dhau ± 5 hli. Yog tias qhov sib txawv dhau lawm, qhov kev thauj mus los yuav tsum tau rov ua dua -.