Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas thiab Cov Txheej Txheem rau Rail Fastening Systems
Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov kab khiav ceev?
Lub kaw lus fastener ntawm cov kab tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam yuav tsum ua yam tsawg kawg 2 qhov kev tshuaj xyuas txhua xyoo, suav nrog cov cim tseem ceeb xws li cov tsos, fasteners thiab durability. Vim yog hnyav hnyav thiab hnav ceev, kev tshuaj xyuas qhov hnyav - cov kab yuav tsum tau nce mus rau 4 zaug hauv ib xyoos txhawm rau txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas txhua xyoo, kev siab - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 250 km / h) yuav tsum siv cov tsheb tshuaj xyuas txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Rau cov fasteners nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb xws li turnouts, qhov kev soj ntsuam zaus yuav tsum tau ntxiv, nrog rau 1 tsis tu ncua kev soj ntsuam ib hlis twg thiab 1 kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas txhua txhua rau lub hlis. Rau cov kab hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb xws li cov av noo siab thiab ntsev- thaj chaw alkali, ntxiv los tiv thaiv{12}} kev tshuaj xyuas corrosion zaus yuav tsum tau ntxiv los tiv thaiv xeb puas.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev faib tawm thiab kev kho tus qauv rau qhov tsis xws luag ntawm fastener system?
Cov teeb meem me me xws li xoob me ntsis ntawm bolts thiab xeb me ntsis ntawm qhov chaw fasteners tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm txoj hauv kev yooj yim xws li zawm bolts thiab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv - xeb xim yam tsis hloov qhov chaw. Cov teeb meem nruab nrab xws li me ntsis deformation ntawm elastic tuav thiab kev laus me ntsis ntawm cov roj hmab ncoo yuav tsum tau kho cov phiaj xwm, xws li kho cov hlua elastic los yog hloov cov ntaub qhwv roj hmab los kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo. Cov teeb meem loj xws li elastic bar tawg, ntsia liaj qhov rooj zawv zawg, thiab phaj siab deformation yuav tsum tam sim ntawd hloov cov khoom puas kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam kev ruaj ntseg. Kev kho mob tsis zoo yuav tsum ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "kho qhov mob hnyav ua ntej", muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho qhov tsis xws luag uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsav tsheb, thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam kho cov teeb meem me. Tom qab kev kho mob, kev lees paub zoo yuav tsum tau ua los xyuas kom meej tias qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov txheej txheem fastener yog tswj tsis pub dhau 0.5%, thiab tsis pub ntau tshaj 0.2% hauv cov ntu tseem ceeb.
Dab tsi yog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav dynamic ntawm cov kab fasteners?
Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb pom dynamic yog qhov ntsug ntsug ntawm lub fastener. High - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev yuav tsum muaj qhov tsim nyog tshaj 98% kom nqus tau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau dynamic loads. Rwb thaiv tsev kuj tseem yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb, uas yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 1MΩ los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov teeb liab. Kev ua haujlwm qaug zog ntawm lub fastener yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sim kom ntseeg tau tias nws tuaj yeem tiv taus tsis pub tsawg dua 20 lab dynamic load cycles yam tsis muaj qhov tawg lossis deformation. Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas thiab qhov siab hloov qhov siab yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim los xyuas kom meej tias cov kab geometry tuaj yeem raug kho los ntawm kev hloov kho fastener. Dynamic detection kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov kev vibration zaus thiab amplitude ntawm lub fastener los txiav txim seb puas muaj loosening los yog tsis tsim nyog installation.
Dab tsi yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho fastener?
Thawj kauj ruam yog kev ua haujlwm tu, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, plua plav thiab roj rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub fastener kom huv si thiab tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov nyhuv fastening. Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog kev ua haujlwm nruj, siv lub torque ciaj ntswj txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nruj. Lub torque ntawm siab - ceev rail bolts feem ntau yog 800N·m ± 10%. Cov kauj ruam thib peb yog kev hloov pauv, hloov cov khoom uas tawg, deformed los yog hnav dhau tus qauv, thiab cov khoom tshiab yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov khoom siv thiab cov kev xav tau. Cov kauj ruam thib plaub yog kev hloov kho, kho qhov ntsuas thiab qhov siab raws li qhov ntsuas geometry kom paub tseeb tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev tso cai. Thaum kawg, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv, piav qhia txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev saib xyuas, cov kev kho mob tsis raug thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb pom los muab kev siv rau kev kho tom ntej.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm lub fastener system nyob rau hauv siab -cov av noo?
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas hauv qhov chaw siab - av noo yog tiv thaiv - xeb thiab tiv thaiv xeb. Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas qhov xeb ntawm cov hlau qhov chaw xws li bolts thiab cov phaj siab, tshem tawm cov xeb raws sijhawm thiab siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv- xeb. Cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj txuas yuav tsum tsis tu ncua coated nrog siab -kub resistant silicone- raws roj los txo xeb thiab hnav thiab txhim kho lubrication kev ua tau zoo. Muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom sib txuas ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel lossis cov khoom siv galvanized los txhim kho corrosion los ntawm qhov chaw thiab txuas ntxiv kev pab cuam lub neej. Ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov khoom tsis yog-cov khoom siv hlau xws li cov ntaub qhwv roj hmab, thiab hloov cov khoom qub thiab tawg raws sijhawm kom tsis txhob ya raws los ntawm kev nkag mus thiab ua rau xeb ntawm cov hlau. Tom qab kev saib xyuas, kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua, xws li txhim kho cov ntaub thaiv dej tsis zoo rau ntawm qhov chaw fasteners kom txo qis kev sib cuag ntawm cov dej noo thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm xeb.