Kev Paub Txog Rail thiab Fittings Life Assessment and Replacement Cycle
Dab tsi yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej?
Rail hnav yog qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb. Thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau coj lub taub hau siab tshaj 3 hli, nws yuav txo lub log -rail kev sib cuag raug thiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los hloov. Yog tias qhov qaug zog tawg ntev tshaj 5 hli lossis qhov tob tshaj 2 hli, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha, thiab nws yuav tsum tau kho lossis hloov lub sijhawm. Thaum lub rail corrugation qhov tob tshaj 0.3 hli, nws yuav ua rau lub tsheb ciav hlau kev co thiab cuam tshuam kev khiav smoothness. Thaum qhov ntsuas no mus txog, yuav tsum tau sib tsoo lossis hloov pauv. Yog hais tias lub tsheb ciav hlau lub taub hau spalling cheeb tsam tshaj 10cm², nws yuav ua rau lub log -rail contact stress concentration thiab accelerate rail puas, yuav tsum tau hloov. Kev pabcuam lub neej kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb: kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov hlua rau cov kab zoo tib yam yog li 15-20 xyoo, rau cov kab hnyav hnyav txog li 8-12 xyoo, thiab cov uas dhau lub neej ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Yuav ua li cas los txiav txim lub voj voog hloov ntawm elastic tuav?
Lub voj voog hloov ntawm elastic tuav yog tsuas yog raws li kev qaug zog lub neej. Elastic tuav rau cov kab zoo tib yam yuav tsum tau hloov tom qab 3 lab lub voj voog ntawm kev co, thiab cov uas hnyav - cov kab yuav luv luv mus rau 2 lab lub voj voog. Yog tias muaj cov kab nrib pleb, cov yas deformation lossis elastic attenuation pom nyob rau hauv cov hlua elastic thaum lub sij hawm kuaj pom, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd yam tsis tau tos kom tas sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv ntug hiav txwv dej los yog alpine ib puag ncig, corrosion los yog aging ceev ntawm elastic tuav ceev, thiab hloov lub voj voog yog luv luv los ntawm 30% -40%. Vim muaj kev vibrations nyob rau hauv nroog tsheb ciav hlau, lub voj voog hloov ntawm elastic tuav yog 20% luv dua li cov pa railways, txog 5-8 xyoo. Tsis tu ncua coj mus kuaj thiab tshuaj xyuas lub zog clamping ntawm elastic tuav; yog tias nws qis dua 80% ntawm tus qauv tus nqi, batch hloov cov elastic tuav hauv cheeb tsam no.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas lub neej thiab hloov cov qauv rau bolts?
Kev pabcuam lub neej kev ntsuas ntawm bolts feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm cov xov hnav. Yog hais tias cov xov profile hnav tshaj 1 hli los yog xov slipping tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd. Tom qab lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog disassembled thiab nruj 5 zaug, lub preload attenuation tshaj 20%, qhia hais tias lub xov zog tau txo thiab yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog hais tias bolt corrosion qhov tob tshaj 0.5 hli los yog cov kab nrib pleb tau pom thaum lub sij hawm soj ntsuam, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha thiab nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Lub voj voog hloov ntsia hlau rau hnyav- cov kab tsheb thauj mus los yog li 6-8 xyoo, rau cov kab zoo tib yam li 10-12 xyoo, thiab rau kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv nroog txog 5-7 xyoo. Tom qab lub neej qaug zog ntawm bolts ncav cuag 2 lab lub voj voog, txawm tias tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov tsos, batch hloov tau pom zoo.
Yam dab tsi muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub voj voog hloov ntawm hauv qab - cov phiaj xwm tsheb ciav hlau?
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv yog qhov tseem ceeb: lub voj voog hloov ntawm cov roj hmab hauv paus phaj yog li 6-8 xyoo, polyurethane puag daim hlau txog 12-15 xyoo, thiab cov phaj sib xyaw ua ke txog 10-12 xyoo. Kev pabcuam ib puag ncig muaj kev cuam tshuam loj: lub voj voog hloov pauv luv luv los ntawm 30% hauv cov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, 20% hauv thaj chaw alpine, thiab tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm 10% -15% hauv thaj chaw qhuav dej. Qhov siab dua qhov kev siv zog, qhov luv dua lub voj voog hloov; Lub voj voog hloov ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau rau cov kab hnyav hnyav yog li 40% luv dua li cov kab zoo tib yam. Yog tias cov kab nrib pleb pom nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus phaj thaum kuaj pom, lub thickness hnav tshaj 10% los yog cov elastic rov qab tus nqi qis dua 70%, nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Vim muaj kev vibrations nyob rau hauv nroog tsheb ciav hlau, lub voj voog hloov ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau yog 25% luv dua li ntawm cov pa tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi yog lub voj voog hloov thiab kev ntsuas ntsuas ntawm cov phaj?
Kev hloov lub voj voog ntawm cov phaj ntses feem ntau yog raws li kev qaug zog tawg thiab hnav degree: txog 10-15 xyoo rau cov kab zoo tib yam thiab 6-8 xyoo rau cov kab hnyav. Yog tias qhov tawg ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub phaj phaj siab tshaj 5 hli los yog lub qhov ntsia hlau hnav tshaj 1 hli thaum lub sij hawm kuaj pom, nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Hauv kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm, yog tias lub zog tensile qis dua 80% ntawm lub hauv paus hlau lossis lub zog cuam tshuam qis dua 30J, nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Nyob rau hauv ntug dej hiav txwv corrosive ib puag ncig, yog hais tias qhov corrosion qhov tob ntawm lub phaj phaj siab tshaj 0.8 hli, cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm cov qauv, nws yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog tias qhov txawv txav ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tshwm sim thaum lub tsheb ciav hlau hla, thiab lub phaj deformation tshaj 0.3 hli tom qab kuaj pom, nws yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd.