Kev paub txog Fishplate Material Upgrades thiab Welding Compatibility
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv kho dua tshiab ntawm fishplates?
Tom qab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv, lub zog tensile ntawm lub phaj phaj tau nce los ntawm 400MPa mus rau ntau tshaj 600MPa, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tsheb ciav hlau cuam tshuam ntau dua thiab hloov mus rau cov kev xav tau ntawm hnyav - tsheb ciav hlau railways. Kev qaug zog ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qub, thiab lub neej qaug zog tau txuas ntxiv los ntawm 2 lab mus rau 5 lab lub voj voog, txo cov zaus hloov. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy txhim kho corrosion kuj, thiab kev pab cuam lub neej yog txuas ntxiv los ntawm ntau tshaj 50% nyob rau hauv cov av noo thiab ntsev tsuag ib puag ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv hardness yog nce mus rau HB220-260, thiab hnav tsis kam yog txhim kho, txo qhov hnav poob ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Cov khoom siv kho dua tshiab muaj qhov tawv zoo dua, nrog rau qhov qis- qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub zog ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 40J, zam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 45Mn2 fishplates piv nrog Q345 khoom?
45Mn2 cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov ntsiab lus ntau dua manganese. Manganese cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem kho cov nplej, txhim kho lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov phaj ntses, thiab nws lub zog tensile yog 100-150MPa siab dua li ntawm Q345. Nws muaj zog hardenability zoo dua, thiab tag nrho cov khoom txhua yam yog zoo ib yam tom qab kev kho cua sov, tsis txhob tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv zos concentration. Nws muaj kev hnav zoo dua, haum rau cov kab nrog cov khoom ntim hnyav thiab hnav hnyav, thiab nws lub neej kev pabcuam yog 30% ntev dua li ntawm Q345 cov khoom. Qhov nyuaj vuam yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm Q345, thiab vuam kub thiab vuam cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj kom tsis txhob tawg. Lub toughness yog me ntsis qis dua li ntawm Q345, yog li nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj nyob rau hauv qis - qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig, thiab yog haum rau ib txwm kub thiab hnyav-load scenarios.
Yuav ua li cas compatibility txoj cai yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum vuam fishplates thiab rails?
Cov khoom siv vuam yuav tsum raug muab sib xyaw, thiab cov pa roj carbon sib npaug sib txawv ntawm cov phaj ntses thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2% kom tsis txhob vuam cov kab nrib pleb tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau sib npaug. Vuam cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum yog welding hlau los yog electrodes tau tshaj ob yam ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, thaum vuam 45Mn2 fishplates nrog U71Mn rails, ER50-6 vuam hlau raug xaiv. Cov txheej txheem vuam yuav tsum tau hloov kho: qhov ntsuas kub ua ntej yog tswj ntawm 100-150 degree, thiab vuam tam sim no yog 80-120A kom tsis txhob coarse nplej los ntawm qhov kub siab. Kev sib txuas ntawm vuam siv cov vuam sib txawv: thawj zaug vuam qhov nruab nrab weld seam, ces vuam ob sab kom txo vuam deformation. Tom qab vuam, kev kho cua sov yuav tsum tau ua kom sov, thiab maj mam txias rau hauv chav sov kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab seem thiab txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke.
Yuav ua li cas kom paub qhov vuam zoo ntawm fishplates thiab ntsia?
Kev soj ntsuam pom yuav tsum tau xyuas kom tsis muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li qhov pores, slag inclusions, thiab tawg ntawm qhov chaw weld. Lub weld reinforcement yog tswj ntawm 2-4mm, thiab lub undercut qhov tob yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.5mm. Ultrasonic flaw detection yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag sab hauv, tsom rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov cua sov- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev nkag mus tsis tiav, cov kab nrib pleb sab hauv thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuab yuav tsum tau ua cov qauv ntsuas tensile thiab cov kev ntsuas cuam tshuam. Lub zog tensile tsis tsawg dua 90% ntawm lub hauv paus hlau, thiab qhov cuam tshuam lub zog yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 30J. Kev ntsuas hardness yuav tsum ntsuas qhov hardness ntawm vuam thiab tshav kub- thaj tsam cuam tshuam, uas tsis pub tshaj 120% ntawm lub hauv paus hlau hardness, tsis txhob nkig tawg los ntawm kev nyuaj siab heev. Welded pob qij txha yuav tsum tau mus rau kev sim qaug zog, thiab tsis muaj kev ua tsis tiav tom qab 3 lab lub voj voog kom ntseeg tau tias siv tau ntev.
Dab tsi tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau hnyav - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau muaj rau kev vuam phaj?
Fishplate welding rau hnyav- txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yuav tsum tau txais ob- sab vuam tshuab, nrog lub vuam tuab ntawm Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 12 hli los xyuas kom meej tias qhov sib koom ua ke muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li 100- tuj qag load yuav tsum tau. Ua ntej welding, qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab lub phaj ntses yuav tsum yog hauv av thiab derusted kom nthuav tawm cov hlau ci thiab tshem tawm oxide nplai thiab roj stains. Vuam cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab thiab qaug zog, thiab qis-hydrogen electrodes lossis vuam hlau raug xaiv los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm vuam pores thiab tawg. Tom qab vuam, kev kho cua sov yuav tsum muaj kev ntxhov siab: cua kub 600-650 degree, txuag hluav taws xob rau 2 teev thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab seem. Welded joints need to be regularly inspected by flaw detection once every 6 months to timely detect and handle welding defects.