1. Dab tsi yog yam tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fastening, thiab lawv txawv li cas?
Railway fastening systems yog categorized los ntawm lawv cov yooj yooj yim thiab daim ntawv thov: elastic systems (xws li, Pandrol clips, Vossloh fasteners) siv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel siv tas li lub siab, yoog mus rau rail txav; Cov txheej txheem nruj (xws li, bolted clamps) muab kev tuav ruaj khov rau qis - cov kab tsheb khiav; thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob (nrog cov khoom siv yas / roj hmab) tiv thaiv hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Elastic systems dominate high-ceev thiab hnyav- cov kab rau kev vibration absorption, thaum lub kaw lus nruj yog pheej yig dua rau lub teeb tsheb ciav hlau. Cov kab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov chaw taw qhia kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam tam sim no
2. Yuav ua li cas elastic fastening systems (xws li, Pandrol clips) ua hauj lwm kom ruaj ntseg rails?
Elastic systems siv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel clips uas tuav lub hauv paus kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab thauj tog rau nkoj rau tus neeg pw tsaug zog. Thaum ntsia, cov clip yog compressed, khaws cia lub zog uas tuav lub zog clamping tas li raws li txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nthuav dav / cog lus lossis vibrates. Qhov kev hloov pauv no txo qis kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau thiab cov neeg pw tsaug zog, ncua lawv txoj sia. Pandrol clips (piv txwv li, e-Clip) feem ntau xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev teeb tsa, ua kom muaj kev nruj nruj- xoob txaus ntshai rail txav, nruj heev txaus ntshai clip nkees. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv siab - tsheb ciav hlau ceev rau lawv lub peev xwm los sib npaug tuav thiab yoog raws.
3. Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi uas feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau fastening, thiab vim li cas?
Cov khoom siv fastening feem ntau yog ua los ntawm siab - steel zog (8.8-12.9 qib) rau tensile lub zog thiab qaug zog. Elastic clips siv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel (60Si2Mn) kom tuav tau yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive, cov khoom yuav raug galvanized, zinc-plated, los yog coated nrog epoxy. Insulating qhov chaw (piv txwv li, cov ntaub qhwv yas) siv iav -cov khoom siv polymers (GRP) lossis nylon rau hluav taws xob. Rau qhov kub thiab txias, cua sov{13}} cov hlau tsis muaj zog (piv txwv li, npib tsib xee-} chromium) tiv thaiv cov khoom muag, thaum txias- cov hlau tiv taus tsis txhob nkig hauv thaj tsam Arctic. Cov khoom xaiv sib npaug zog, tus nqi, thiab ib puag ncig durability ..
4. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau fastening yog dab tsi hauv kev tswj xyuas qhov ntsuas ntsuas?
Track gauge (qhov deb ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau) yog khaws cia los ntawm cov txheej txheem fastening uas thauj mus rau txhua txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau tus neeg pw tsaug zog ntawm lub sijhawm meej. Elastic clips siv lub zog rau sab nraud los tiv thaiv kev tsheb nqaj hlau, thaum lub zog clamps xauv cov ntsia hlau nyob hauv qhov chaw. Ntawm qhov nkhaus, sab nrauv rail fasteners yog tensioned ntau rau counter centrifugal quab yuam, tiv thaiv gauge widening. Fasteners nrog adjustable spacing (piv txwv li, slotted qhov nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus daim hlau) tso cai zoo -tuning thaum lub sij hawm installation. Cov xoob xoob los yog hnav cov fasteners ncaj qha ua rau kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv, ua rau lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb -txawm tias 1 hli ntawm kev sib raug zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev kub ceev.
5. Yuav ua li cas nruj fastening systems txawv ntawm elastic ones nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv thov?
Rigid systems (xws li, bolted fishplates, tsau clamps) siv bolts kom ruaj rails nrog tsawg yooj yooj yim, zoo tagnrho rau qis -ceev, lub teeb - tsheb ciav hlau (xws li, industrial sidings). Lawv pheej yig dua los tsim tab sis tsis muaj kev hloov pauv rau kev tsheb ciav hlau nthuav dav lossis kev co. Elastic systems (piv txwv li, 弹条, caij nplooj ntoos hlav clips) flex kom nqus tau lub zog, ua rau lawv qhov tseem ceeb rau siab - nrawm (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 200 km / h) thiab hnyav - cov kab tsheb. Cov txheej txheem nruj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau zaus (re-tightening bolts) raws li kev vibration loosens lawv, thaum lub tshuab elastic xav tau kev saib xyuas tsawg dua tab sis muaj nqi siab dua. Qhov kev xaiv nyob ntawm qhov ceev, thauj khoom, thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag.