GB / T 2585 U71Mn Heavy Rail yog dab tsi
U71Mn yog siab- carbon, qis- alloy rail hlau npog los ntawm GB / T 2585, Suav teb tus qauv rau kub- dov railway rails. Qhov kev xaiv ua raws li Suav rail steel naming system: tsab ntawv U cim rail steel, daim duab 71 qhia ib tug nominal carbon ntsiab lus ntawm txog 0.71 feem pua, thiab Mn qhia tau hais tias manganese yog lub ntsiab alloying ntsiab, ntxiv rau nce hardness thiab hnav tsis kam. Cov qib yog muab raws li hnyav rail rau railway trunk kab, qhov twg seem yuav tsum nqa lub siab, cuam tshuam load thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm locomotives thiab dov Tshuag thaum tuav ib tug ncaj, ruaj khov khiav nto.
Heavy rails yog pawg los ntawm pawg ib 'meter'. Cov GB series muaj xws li 38, 43, 50, 60, 70 thiab 75 kg / m seem. Cov kab hauv lub cev, hnyav-cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom feem ntau siv 60 kg / m thiab 75 kg / m rails, thaum 38 mus rau 50 kg / m seem ua haujlwm rau cov kab nruab nrab, sab hauv thiab kev lag luam. Vim hais tias txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb- cov tswv cuab tseem ceeb, GB / T 2585 tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev huv thiab lub suab sab hauv tib lub sijhawm, thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau xa tawm yuav tsum txaus siab rau tag nrho cov no ib zaug.
Heavy Rail Sections thiab Nominal Dimensions
Txhua qhov kev nug yuav tsum hais qhov tseeb seem, vim hais tias lub taub hau dav, lub hauv paus dav, lub web thickness thiab qhov siab tag nrho hloov nrog nominal pawg. Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog qhov loj me me rau cov khoom siv dav siv hnyav.
| Nominal hnyav (kg / m) | Qhov siab (mm) | Lub taub hau dav (mm) | Lub hauv paus dav (mm) | Web thickness (mm) | Hom dej num |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38 | 134 | 68 | 114 | 13 | Lub teeb lub cev thiab kev lag luam khiav |
| 43 | 140 | 70 | 114 | 14.5 | Secondary kab, yard khiav |
| 50 | 152 | 70 | 132 | 15.5 | Cov kab tsheb nruab nrab, cov thawv me me |
| 60 | 176 | 73 | 150 | 16.5 | Main kab neeg caij tsheb thiab freight |
| 75 | 192 | 75 | 150 | 20 | Heavy-haul thiab siab qag load khiav |
Rails ib txwm dov nyob rau hauv 12.5 m thiab 25 m lengths, thiab cov hauv paus lengths yog flash - taub qab welded rau hauv cov hlua ntev rau kev nruam welded khiav. Ntu qhov siab, lub hauv paus dav thiab qhov flatness ntawm lub hauv paus raug kuaj xyuas ntawm cov qauv rooj, vim hais tias lub hauv paus tsis kam ua rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau zaum tsis sib xws ntawm lub sleeper thiab shortens fastener lub neej.
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm U71Mn
Cov chemistry yog txhob txwm tshaj tawm yooj yim, thiab kev huv es tsis yog cov ntsiab lus alloy ua haujlwm. Ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau qib U71Mn tau qhia hauv qab no; Qhov tseem ceeb uas siv rau ib daim ntawv cog lus yog cov uas tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawm GB / T 2585 muaj npe nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim.
| Element | C | Si | Mn | P | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ntau yam (mass%) | 0.65-0.76 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.10-1.40 | 0.030 max | 0.030 max |
Qib manganese yog dab tsi cais U71Mn los ntawm qhov siab siab -carbon rail hlau xws li U71 lossis U74: nws txhim kho hardenability thiab hnav tsis kam yam tsis muaj nqi ntawm micro-alloying ntxiv. Cov khoom seem, cov ntsiab lus roj thiab tsis yog- qib sib xyaw hlau yog tswj tau thaum lub sij hawm steelmaking es tsis yog los ntawm cov lus sib xyaw ib leeg, yog vim li cas ob lub tshav kub nrog tib lub ladle tsom xam tuaj yeem coj txawv hauv kev pabcuam.
Mechanical Properties thiab Internal Quality Tests
Rail steel yog yuav ntawm cov khoom, tsis yog ntawm chemistry ib leeg. A U71Mn hnyav rail xaj ib txwm hu rau cov ntawv pov thawj hauv qab no:
Tensile zog- cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau U71Mn rail feem ntau hu rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 880 MPa nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus elongation ntawm 9 feem pua, kuaj ntawm cov qauv machined coj los ntawm lub taub hau tsheb ciav hlau.
Hardness- qhov chaw khiav tau raug kuaj xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov tawv, nrog rau qhov zoo li -rolled mob feem ntau poob rau hauv 260 txog 300 HBW band, thiab nrog lub taub hau-hardened rail xav tau daim duab pom zoo dua.
Poob rauj xeem- ib qho piv txwv tag nrho uas tau txais kev txhawb nqa dhau qhov kev ncua ntev yog ntaus los ntawm qhov hnyav poob kom paub meej tias muaj kev tiv thaiv rau cov pob txha tawg, uas yog qhov ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo rau kev siv taug qab.
Acid leaching macrostructure- ib qho etched hla ntu los yog cov kab ntev qhia pom kev sib cais, porosity, tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag sab hauv uas qhov kev sim tensile zoo ib yam tsis tuaj yeem ntes tau.
Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas- ladle thiab cov khoom txheeb xyuas paub tseeb tias cov pa roj carbon, manganese, phosphorus thiab sulfur tseem nyob hauv qhov rais qib.
Cov kev kuaj xyuas no yog vim li cas lub tsheb ciav hlau hnyav tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog qhov sib npaug - pawg loj los ntawm tsev neeg tsis yog- cov khoom siv tsheb ciav hlau: cov qauv kev lees paub tau sau nyob ib puag ncig kev qaug zog thiab cuam tshuam kev pabcuam, tsis nyob ib puag ncig lub zog zoo li qub.
Qhov twg U71Mn Rail siv thiab xaj nws li cas
U71Mn yog qib workhorse rau txoj kab tseem ceeb, txoj kev nkhaus thiab kev sib tw uas yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm hardness thiab toughness ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog. Thaum ib qho nyuaj khiav yuav tsum tau rau ntawm qhov nkhaus hnyav lossis siab qag load kab, lub taub hau -hardened rail los yog micro-alloyed qib xws li U75V feem ntau tau teev tseg, thiab ob feem ntau sib xyaw hauv ib qhov project.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, daim ntawv xaj yuav tsum hais txog ntu pawg, tus qauv thiab tsab ntawv, qib, qhov ntev, qhov kev xa khoom, seb puas yuav tsum tau ua kom lub taub hau hardening, qhov kawg tiav, thiab cov kev xeem yuav tsum tau ua tim khawv. Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum tau pom zoo rau kev kos thiab yuav ua li cas txhua tus naj npawb cua sov tau taug qab los ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm los ntawm dov mus rau daim ntawv pov thawj kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Lub npe U71Mn txhais li cas hauv Suav cov qauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau?
U stands rau rail steel, 71 qhia ib tug nominal carbon cov ntsiab lus ntawm roughly 0.71 feem pua, thiab Mn qhia tau hais tias manganese yog lub ntsiab alloying ntxiv siv los tsa hardness thiab hnav tsis kam.
Q: Qhov txawv ntawm U71Mn thiab U75V rail yog dab tsi?
U75V yog micro-alloyed rail hlau nrog vanadium thiab cov pa roj carbon ntau dua, muab cov tawv tawv dua thiab zoo dua hnav tsis kam ntawm qhov nkhaus loj, thaum U71Mn muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi rau lub cev lub luag haujlwm.
Q: Qhov twg hnyav rail seem feem ntau?
Cov kab tseem ceeb thiab hnyav- cov haujlwm thauj khoom feem ntau siv 60 kg / m thiab 75 kg / m rail, thaum 38, 43 thiab 50 kg / m seem yog siv rau cov kab thib ob, sab hauv thiab kev lag luam.
Q: Ntev npaum li cas lub tsheb thauj khoom hnyav?
Hnyav rail yog ib txwm dov nyob rau hauv 12.5 m thiab 25 m lengths, thiab cov no yog welded rau hauv cov hlua ntev ntawm nruam welded khiav thaum lub sij hawm kev tsim kho.
Q: Vim li cas qhov kev ntsuas poob rauj xav tau rau kev tsheb nqaj hlau?
Qhov kev sim rov tsim dua ib qho kev cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov qauv seem thiab qhia seb lub tsheb ciav hlau tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj, uas yog hom tsis ua haujlwm uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev khiav.
Q: U71Mn rail yuav welded rau ntawm qhov chaw?
Yog lawm. Cov qib tsis tu ncua los ntawm flash- pob tw vuam hauv cov nroj tsuag ruaj khov lossis los ntawm aluminothermic vuam ntawm qhov chaw, muab cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog rau ntu thiab preheat thiab tom qab- vuam txias yog tswj.