Fatigue Life Improvement Technology rau Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Clips thiab lawv hloov mus rau txawv Fastening Systems
Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic tuav?
Cov khoom tseem ceeb optimization tshuab rau kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic tuav yogalloy element ratio optimization thiab kev kho cua sov txheej txheem txhim kho. Cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau cov hlua khi yog 55SiCrA caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel. Los ntawm kev kho qhov sib piv ntawm cov ntsiab lus alloy xws li silicon, chromium thiab manganese, lub zog tensile thiab qaug zog txwv ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho. Lub optimized alloy piv yog silicon ntsiab lus 1.4% -1.7%, chromium ntsiab lus 0.5% -0.8%, manganese ntsiab lus 0.6% -0.9%. Qhov piv no tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom siv elastic ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1900MPa, tawm lub zog ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1700MPa, qaug zog txwv Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 800MPa, thiab lub neej qaug zog yog nce ntau dua 30% piv nrog cov khoom siv piv txwv. Kev kho cua sov txheej txheem kev txhim kho txais kev sib koom ua ke ntawmquenching + nruab nrab-kub tempering. Lub quenching kub yog tswj ntawm 880-900 degree, lub sij hawm tuav yog 20 feeb, thiab roj txias yog siv los xyuas kom meej cov qauv sab hauv ntawm cov khoom. Lub tempering kub yog tswj ntawm 420-450 degree, lub sij hawm tuav yog 30 feeb, kom lub hardness ntawm elastic bar mus txog HRC45-48, thiab elastic txwv thiab toughness ncav cuag qhov zoo tshuav nyiaj li cas. Ntxiv rau,txhaj tshuaj peening txhawb kev kho mobyog nqa tawm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm elastic bar, txhaj tshuaj peening siv ntawm 0.2-0.3A, thiab cov kev pab them nqi yog ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 100%, uas muaj peev xwm tsim ib tug residual compressive kev nyuaj siab txheej nyob rau saum npoo ntawm elastic bar, inhibit qhov pib thiab propagation ntawm qaug zog kab nrib pleb, thiab ntxiv txhim kho lub elastic barrier lub neej.
Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm elastic tuav ntawm lub neej qaug zog?
Cov teebmeem ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm elastic tuav ntawm lub neej qaug zog yog feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb yam:optimization ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab concentration, smoothness ntawm cross-sectional hloov thiab uniformity ntawm elastic deformation. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm arc ntawm elastic bar yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxhov siab. Ua kom qhov kev hloov pauv arc vojvoog los ntawm 5mm mus rau 8mm tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov no los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 1.2, txo cov cim qaug zog. Tus ntoo khaub lig- qhov loj me ntawm qhov elastic bar yuav tsum hloov pauv kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv tam sim ntawd. Tus ntoo khaub lig- ntu hloov pauv tus nqi ntawm elastic bar yog tswj tsis pub dhau 10% kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib txawv ntawm kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sij hawm elastic deformation txheej txheem ntawm elastic bar. Tsim nyog tsim lubqhib qhov loj thiab limb ntevntawm elastic bar. Qhov qhib qhov loj me yuav tsum ua kom haum rau lub ntsuas ntsuas ntawm lub kaw lus fastener, thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub caj dab yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej, kom lub elastic deformation ntawm elastic bar yog tswj nyob rau hauv lub elastic txwv ntau yam, zam cov yas deformation los ntawm ntau deformation thiab cuam tshuam lub neej qaug zog. Ntxiv rau, teebreinforcing rib lugntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab -cov kabmob ntawm cov elastic bar. Qhov siab ntawm cov hlua khi yog 3-5mm, thiab qhov dav yog 5-8mm, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov no thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab. Lub elastic bar optimized los ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem muaj lub neej qaug zog ntau dua 2 × 10⁷ lub sijhawm, ua tau raws li kev siv cov kev xav tau ntawm kev kub ceev railways thiab hnyav-haul railways.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem kev cai rau cov hlua elastic nyob rau hauv siab - ceev railway fastener systems?
Cov kev xav tau rau cov khoom siv elastic hauv siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev ceev feem ntau suav nrogsiab tawv, siab -precision preload thiab zoo huab cua tsis kam. Txoj kab ntsug ntsug ntawm lub elastic bar yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 30-40kN / mm los xyuas kom meej tias lub longitudinal thiab lateral hloov chaw ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog tswj nyob rau hauv ± 1 hli, kom ntseeg tau lub smoothness ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau khiav. Lub preload ntawm lub elastic bar yuav tsum raug tswj kom raug ntawm 35-40kN, nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov preload Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 2kN, zam cov yas deformation ntawm elastic bar los ntawm ntau dhau preload los yog rail loosening los ntawm tsis txaus preload. Lub elastic bar yuav tsum muaj huab cua tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm -40℃~ 60 degree, qhov elastic kev hloov pauv tus nqi tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 5%, thiab cov ntsev tsuag corrosion kuj lub sij hawm yog ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 1500 teev, yoog mus rau sab nraum zoov kev pab cuam ib puag ncig ntawm high-ceev railways. Lub elastic bar muaj siab installation qhov yuav tsum tau. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov taw qhia ntawm lub elastic bar thiab lub ntsuas ntsuas yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.2 hli, kom ntseeg tau tias lub preload ntawm elastic bar yog sib npaug mus rau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub elastic bar yuav tsum muajzoo qaug zog kuj, nrog lub neej qaug zog Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2 × 10⁷ lub sijhawm, thiab tsis muaj kev qaug zog tawg tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov siab - zaus vibration load ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov kho thiab kev ntsuas kev hloov kho rau cov hlua khi hauv hnyav - tsheb ciav hlau fastener tshuab?
Kev hloov kho thiab kev ntsuas kev hloov kho rau cov hlua khi hauv hnyav -cov tsheb ciav hlau thauj khoom yog feem ntau yogtxhim kho cov kabmob muaj peev xwm thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm elastic tuav. Ua ntej, xaivsiab - lub zog caij nplooj ntoos hlav steelcov ntaub ntawv, xws li 60Si2MnA. Lub zog tensile ntawm cov khoom no yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 2000MPa, lub zog tawm los yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1800MPa, uas yog 15% siab dua li ntawm 55SiCrA cov khoom. Kho covqhov loj mentawm lub elastic bar, nce tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam ntawm lub elastic bar, nce lub caj dab thickness ntawm 8mm mus rau 10mm, txhim kho qhov nruj thiab preload ntawm elastic bar, thiab tswj lub preload ntawm 45-50kN kom tau raws li qhov loj axle load yuav tsum ntawm hnyav-haul tsheb ciav hlau. Ua haujlwmnto hardening kev kho mobNyob rau ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub elastic bar, txais yuav siab - zaus quenching txheej txheem, nrog ib tug quenching qhov tob ntawm 2-3 hli, thiab cov nto hardness mus txog HRC55-58, txhim khu kev hnav tsis kam ntawm elastic bar thiab lub gauge thaiv, thiab txo kev sib cuag. Nyob rau hauv saib ntawm kev co yam ntxwv ntawm hnyav-haul railways, nruabelastic gasketsnruab nrab ntawm lub elastic bar thiab fastener puag. Lub gasket yog ua los ntawm EPDM roj hmab nrog lub thickness ntawm 3-5 hli, uas yuav nqus tau ib feem ntawm lub zog vibration thiab txo qhov qaug zog puas ntawm elastic bar. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis tu ncua xyuas qhov preload ntawm elastic bar nrog lub voj voog tshawb pom ntawm 3 lub hlis. Thaum lub preload attenuation tshaj 10%, hloov lub elastic bar nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los xyuas kom meej qhov kev cia siab ntawm lub fastener system.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem tshawb nrhiav thiab cov qauv ntsuas rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic tuav?
Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic tuav tsuas yog siv asiab -frequency fatigue testing machineraupeb -point dabtsi yog khoov qaug zog test. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem, nruab ib lub elastic bar ntawm lub fixture simulating lub fastener system, siv alternating loads raws li qhov tseeb ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, tswj lub load zaus ntawm 100-200Hz, thiab ceev cov txheej txheem kev xeem qaug zog. Thaum lub sij hawm kuaj, saib xyuas qhov deformation thiab kev ntxhov siab hloov ntawm elastic bar nyob rau lub sijhawm. Thaum lub elastic bar tawg los yog deformation tshaj qhov elastic txwv, sau tus naj npawb ntawm cyclic loads, uas yog lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic bar. Cov qauv kev ntsuam xyuas tau muab faib ua raws li daim ntawv thov scenarios. Lub neej qaug zog ntawm kev siab - ceev railway elastic bars yuav tsum muaj ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 2 × 10⁷ lub sij hawm, qhov hnyav ntawm - tsheb ciav hlau elastic bars Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1 × 10⁷ zaug, thiab qhov zoo tib yam-ceev railway elastic bars Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 5 × 10⁶ zaus Qhov kev kuaj pom qhov piv txwv yog 10 elastic bars ib batch. Yog tias lub neej qaug zog ntawm ib qho elastic bar tsis tau raws li tus qauv yuav tsum tau ua, muab ob npaug rau sampling. Yog hais tias ob chav sampling tseem tsis tsim nyog, batch ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum raug txiav txim raws li unqualified. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nqa tawmfatigue crack growth rate testntawm elastic bar. Los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tawg ntawm qhov kev loj hlob, ntsuas qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm qhov elastic bar thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub elastic bar yuav tsis nthuav tawm sai thiab ua rau tawg tom qab me me tawg.