Environmental Adaptability Design of Rails thiab Fastening Systems
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig adaptability tsim rau kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab kev ceev ceev hauv thaj tsam alpine?
Rails thiab fastening systems nyob rau hauv alpine cheeb tsam (tsawg kawg kub tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau -30℃) yuav tsum tau tsom rau kev daws cov teeb meem ntawm low-kub nkig tawg thiab te heave deformation. Rails txais kev txhim kho U75V cov ntaub ntawv, thiab qhov qis- qhov kub thiab txias yog txhim kho los ntawm kev txo cov phosphorus thiab sulfur cov ntsiab lus (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.025%). Lub zog cuam tshuam ntawm -40℃yog siab dua los yog sib npaug rau 34J kom tsis txhob muaj qhov kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Rail clips, bolts thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm lub fastening system yog ua los ntawm tsawg- kub tshwj xeeb alloy hlau, uas tseem tuav zoo elasticity thiab lub zog nyob rau hauv qis - kub ib puag ncig yam tsis muaj nkig puas tom qab kev kho mob cryogenic. Hauv qab - cov phiaj xwm tsheb ciav hlau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom txias- cov khoom siv polyurethane resistant, nrog rau elastic rov qab tus nqi siab dua los yog sib npaug li 90% ntawm -40℃kom tsis txhob poob poob siab absorbing nyhuv vim yog khov. Tshuaj anchoring yog saws rau rail spike anchoring, thiab low-temperature curing anchoring agents (kho kub siab tshaj los yog sib npaug rau -10 degree) raug xaiv los xyuas kom meej lub caij ntuj no kev tsim kho zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis muaj ntaub qhwv ntxiv ntawm cov pob qij txha txhawm rau txo kev sib koom ua ke los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab qhov kub thiab txias los tiv thaiv loosening roj yog siv rau bolts ntawm lub fastening system los tiv thaiv xov khov.
Vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv-corrosion tsim ntawm cov ntsia hlau thiab fastening systems nyob rau hauv siab - kub thiab siab - thaj chaw av noo?
Qhov chaw kub thiab av noo nyob rau hauv siab - kub thiab siab - thaj chaw av av (ib xyoos ib puag ncig cov av noo ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 80%, qhov kub siab tshaj plaws Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 40℃) yuav ua rau cov kab nrib pleb thiab nrawm nrawm, cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv. Kev kub siab thiab cov av noo siab yuav ua rau cov oxidation thiab corrosion ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm cov pob qij txha thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau. Yog hais tias qhov corrosion ntawm qhov tob tshaj 0.5 hli, lub tsheb ciav hlau lub zog yuav tsis muaj zog thiab lub load - bearing peev yuav raug txo. Hlau Cheebtsam xws li bolts thiab rail spikes ntawm lub fastening system yog feem ntau ua rau electrochemical corrosion, ua rau xeb thiab jamming, ua rau preload attenuation los yog tsis muaj peev xwm mus disassemble, cuam tshuam txoj kab. Kev ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv- kev tsim corrosion tuaj yeem ncua qhov kev txhim kho corrosion, ua kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom, thiab txo cov zaus hloov thiab cov nqi tu. Qhov siab - kub thiab siab - qhov av noo ib puag ncig yuav ua rau kom cov roj hmab hauv paus daim hlau thiab rail clip rwb thaiv tsev txheej. Los ntawm kev sib xyaw los tiv thaiv-corrosion thiab tiv thaiv- kev laus kev kho mob, huab cua tsis kam ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem txhim kho, ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub cev.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev tiv thaiv- kev kho corrosion ntawm txawv teb chaws tus qauv thiab lub teb chaws tus qauv rails nyob rau hauv saline -alkali cheeb tsam?
National standard rails txais yuav "kub-dip galvanizing + passivation" ob npaug los tiv thaiv- kev kho corrosion hauv saline-alkali thaj chaw, nrog zinc txheej thickness ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 85μm. Cov txheej txheej passivation tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov adhesion ntawm zinc txheej, thiab cov ntsev tsuag tshuaj ntsuam lub neej muaj ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2000 teev, yoog rau feem ntau cov ntsev-alkali thaj chaw hauv Suav teb. Cov qauv txawv teb chaws xws li European EN 13674 rails txais yuav "Dacromet txheej + sealant" kev kho mob, nrog cov txheej txheej tuab ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 60μm, zoo dua ntsev tshuaj tiv thaiv (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 3000 teev), thiab tsis muaj hydrogen embrittlement txaus ntshai, haum rau siab - ntsev concentration ib puag ncig. American AAR tus qauv rails txais cov txheej txheem kub-dip aluminizing txheej txheem, nrog cov txheej txheem txhuas txheej ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 100μm, uas tsis yog tsuas yog muaj zog tiv thaiv{17}} kev ua haujlwm corrosion tab sis kuj txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam, yoog rau cov ntug dej hiav txwv muaj zog saline -alkali ib puag ncig. Lub teb chaws tus qauv tiv thaiv- kev kho corrosion them nyiaj ntau dua rau qhov sib npaug ntawm tus nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig, nrog cov cuab yeej paub tab thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim; txheej txheem kev kho mob txawv teb chaws yog qib siab dua, nrog kev tiv thaiv ntev dua -corrosion lub neej tab sis tus nqi siab dua. Qee cov txheej txheem txawv teb chaws kuj tseem ntxiv los tiv thaiv - corrosion gaskets ntawm cov pob qij txha, thaum lub teb chaws tus qauv ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv -corrosion nyhuv los ntawm kev tu roj. Qhov sib txawv yog los ntawm kev siv zog corrosion ntawm cheeb tsam ib puag ncig thiab cov tswv yim txij nkawm sib txawv.
Yuav ua li cas rails thiab fastening systems tiv nrog lub hauv paus kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv cov av mos?
Lub hauv paus muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov av mos yog tsis muaj zog, thiab kev sib haum xeeb tsis sib haum yuav tshwm sim. Rails thiab fastening systems yuav tsum tau txhim kho adaptability los ntawm cov qauv optimization. Xaiv 60kg / m thiab siab dua cov tsheb ciav hlau hnyav los txhim kho lawv tus kheej nruj thiab txo cov tsheb ciav hlau deformation los ntawm kev sib haum xeeb. Hauv qab -rail puag daim hlau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv elastic siab (120-}}150MPa) los txhim kho cov kabmob ruaj khov. Lub kaw lus fastening adopts adjustable pressing daim hlau thiab qhov siab -adjustable puag daim hlau. Thaum qhov kev sib hais haum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 20mm, qhov kev sib hais haum yog them los ntawm kev kho lub hauv paus phaj thickness kom tsis txhob dhau txoj hauj lwm geometric. Rail spikes txais cov tshuaj anchoring nrog txuas txuas ntxiv qhov tob (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 200mm) txhawm rau txhim kho rub- tawm dag zog thiab tiv thaiv- lub peev xwm plam, tiv thaiv kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm loosening nrog kev sib haum xeeb. Elastic fishplates yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau pob qij txha los ua kom sib koom ua ke yooj, hloov mus rau micro-tsav chaw los ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, thiab txo qis kev ntxhov siab. Tsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub hauv paus; thaum qhov kev sib hais haum ntau tshaj qhov pib tsim, kho raws sijhawm ntawm cov txheej txheem fastening los yog ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kab.
Yuav ua li cas yog ib puag ncig adaptability ntawm rails thiab fastening systems cuam tshuam cov nqi khiav lag luam?
Rails thiab fastening systems uas muaj zog ib puag ncig adaptability tuaj yeem txo qhov tsis ua haujlwm zaus, txo tus nqi kho thiab hloov pauv, thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev lag luam kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav xws li alpine thiab saline- thaj chaw alkali, cov khoom uas muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo yog qhov ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntxov thiab yuav tsum tau hloov ntau zaus, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov nqi khoom nce xwb tab sis kuj ua rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab cuam tshuam rau kev thauj mus los. Cheebtsam uas muaj zog ib puag ncig adaptability muaj ib tug ntev kev pab cuam lub neej (xws li bolts nrog zoo heev anti- kev kho corrosion muaj ib tug kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug zos rau 8 xyoo, thaum zoo tib yam bolts tsuas yog 3-5 xyoo), uas yuav txo tau tus naj npawb ntawm kev hloov thiab qis zog thiab mechanical tswv yim. Kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig zoo tuaj yeem zam kev nyab xeeb xwm txheej los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm, txo cov nqi kev sib tsoo thiab kev poob nyiaj txiag. Kev tsim kho kom haum kuj tuaj yeem txo qhov nyuaj ntawm kev saib xyuas; Piv txwv li, cov khoom siv nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo los tiv thaiv corrosion yog yooj yim dua rau disassemble, uas tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm txij nkawm, txhim kho kab kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab txo qis cov nqi khiav lag luam.