Elastic rail stiffness txuam technology thiab fastening adaptation schemes rau txawv rail hom
Dab tsi yog ob txoj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm elastic strip stiffness ntawm rail fastening nyhuv?
Thawj qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm elastic strip stiffness ntawm rail fastening nyhuv yog lub preload retention mechanism. Lub zog ntawm elastic strip txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm preload. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau vibration load, preload attenuation tus nqi ntawm lub elastic strip nrog nruab nrab rigidity yog tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug zos rau 5% / xyoo, uas muaj peev xwm tuav ruaj khov compression ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau ntev; preload attenuation tus nqi ntawm cov elastic strip nrog tsis txaus txhav yuav ncav cuag ntau tshaj 15% / xyoo, thiab rail loosening yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm. Qhov thib ob cuam tshuam mechanism yog lub zog vibration absorption mechanism. Raws li lub hauv paus elastic, lub elastic strip yuav tsum nqus ib feem ntawm lub log -rail vibration zog. Lub elastic strip nrog nruj nruj heev muaj peev xwm tsis zoo elastic deformation thiab tsis tuaj yeem nqus lub zog ntawm kev vibration, ua rau kev xa ncaj qha ntawm kev vibration load rau tus neeg pw tsaug zog thiab ua kom pw tsaug zog puas tsuaj; lub elastic strip nrog tsis txaus rigidity muaj ntau deformation, uas yog prone rau yas deformation thiab poob ntawm fastening muaj nuj nqi. Ob lub tshuab no muaj kev cuam tshuam. Preload tuav yog lub hauv paus, thiab kev co lub zog nqus yog qhov lav. Tsuas yog cov hlua elastic uas nws qhov sib tw ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem paub txog ob txoj haujlwm no tib lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, Hom Ⅲ elastic strip hloov mus rau 60kg / m lub teb chaws tus qauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau muaj qhov nruj tswj ntawm 60kN / hli, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tuav ruaj khov ua ntej, tab sis kuj zoo nqus lub zog, nrog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws fastening nyhuv.
Dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev suav thiab qhov tseem ceeb cuam tshuam ntawm elastic strip stiffness?
Kev suav ntawm elastic strip stiffness adopts beam dabtsi yog khoov txoj kev xav ntawm cov khoom siv mechanics. Cov mis laij lej tseem ceeb yog k=L33EI, qhov twg k yog elastic strip stiffness, E yog cov khoom elastic modulus, Kuv yog cov elastic strip seem lub sij hawm ntawm inertia, thiab L yog qhov ntev cantilever ntawm elastic strip. Cov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb suav nrog peb yam: thawj, cov khoom siv elastic modulus. Lub elastic modulus ntawm 60Si2CrVA caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel feem ntau siv rau elastic strips yog 206GPa. Hloov nws nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv yuav ncaj qha hloov tus nqi txhav; thib ob, ntu ntu ntawm inertia, uas yog ze ze rau ntu dav thiab tuab ntawm elastic strip. Rau txhua txhua 1 hli nce nyob rau hauv seem thickness, seem lub sij hawm ntawm inertia nce li ntawm 20%, thiab lub rigidity nce ho; thib peb, zoo cantilever ntev. Rau txhua txhua 5 hli txo nyob rau hauv cantilever ntev, lub rigidity nce li ntawm 15%. Kho qhov ntev cantilever yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim los hloov cov elastic strip stiffness. Thaum lub sij hawm xam, qhov tseeb kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub elastic strip yuav tsum tau muab xam, thiab cov theoretical xam tus nqi yog kho los ntawm finite element simulation software. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kho qhov tawv nqaij thiab qhov ntsuas tus nqi yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3%. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlua elastic tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov tawv nqaij. Lub elastic modulus ntawm lub elastic strip nrog tsis txaus quenching yog tsawg, thiab qhov nruj yuav yog li 10% qis dua tus nqi tsim.
Dab tsi yog qhov nruj tsim qhov ntsuas thiab qhov ua kom zoo ntawm cov hlua elastic hloov mus rau 60kg / m lub teb chaws tus qauv tsheb ciav hlau?
Hom Ⅲ elastic strip yog xaiv rau 60kg / m lub teb chaws tus qauv rail. Cov txheej txheem nruj ntawm cov qauv tsim yog qhov nruj tus nqi 60 ± 5kN / hli thiab preload 12-15kN. Cov kev txwv no tuaj yeem sib npaug ob qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev khaws cia ua ntej thiab kev co lub zog nqus. Thawj qhov optimization point yog seem loj optimization. Lub thickness ntawm seem ua hauj lwm ntawm lub elastic strip yog tsim los ntawm 10mm thiab dav 25mm. Kev ruaj ntseg ruaj khov yog txhim kho los ntawm kev nce ntu ntu ntawm inertia, tsis txhob txo qhov nruj nrog qhov nce ntawm deformation. Qhov thib ob yog cov khoom siv optimization. 60Si2CrVA caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel yog siv, uas yog kho los ntawm "quenching + nruab nrab-kub tempering", nrog rau elastic txwv zog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1600MPa, xyuas kom meej tias cov elastic strip ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub elastic deformation ntau yam tsis muaj yas deformation. Qhov kawg yog structural shape optimization. Lub vojvoog hloov pauv ntawm cov hlua elastic yog nce los ntawm R3mm mus rau R5mm kom txo tau qhov kev ntxhov siab concentration thiab txhim kho qhov qaug zog tsis kam ntawm elastic strip. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws elastic strip yuav tsum tau xyuas los ntawm lub rooj ntev zaum kuaj. Nyob rau hauv lub simulated fastening mob ntawm 60kg / m rail, tom qab 1 lab vibration cycles, preload attenuation tus nqi Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 3% thiab qhov tawv hloov tus nqi tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 2%, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv nruj tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlua elastic hloov mus rau UIC60 txawv teb chaws tus qauv tsheb ciav hlau?
Qhov sib txawv nruj tsim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlua elastic hloov mus rau UIC60 txawv teb chaws tus qauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau tau tshwm sim hauv peb yam: kev nruj tus nqi hloov kho, kev hloov kho cov qauv, thiab kev sib txuas sib txuas. Kev kho tus nqi nruj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub taub hau dav dav thiab ntu loj ntawm UIC60 kev tsheb ciav hlau sib txawv ntawm 60kg / m lub teb chaws tus qauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau, thiab cov khoom siv ua ntej yuav tsum tau ua kom nrawm dua. Yog li ntawd, lub elastic strip stiffness yuav tsum tau nce mus rau 70 ± 5kN / mm, thiab lub preload yog tswj ntawm 15{18}}18kN los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev khiav tsheb. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov qauv zoo adaptation, lub fastener installation groove loj ntawm UIC60 rail yog txawv ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv rail. Lub cantilever ntev ntawm lub elastic strip yuav tsum tau luv luv los ntawm 3 hli, thiab qhov kawg khoov lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub elastic strip yog nce nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, yog li ntawd lub pressing point ntawm elastic strip fits meej nrog lub xub pwg nyom txoj hauj lwm ntawm UIC60 rail. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm installation interface txuam, ib tug positioning protrusion yuav tsum tau ntxiv nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub elastic sawb los koom tes nrog lub positioning zawj ntawm UIC60 fastener los tiv thaiv lateral txav ntawm elastic strip thaum vibration. Tsis tas li ntawd, UIC60 rails feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv European high - txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev, uas muaj cov kev xav tau ntau dua rau kev ua haujlwm qaug zog ntawm elastic strips. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv elastic yuav tsum tau siv cov purity siab dua 60Si2CrVA steel, nrog cov sulfur thiab phosphorus cov ntsiab lus tswj hauv qab 0.008% txhawm rau txhim kho qaug zog.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem pov thawj thiab cov qauv txiav txim rau kev hloov kho ntawm elastic strip stiffness thiab rail hom?
Cov txheej txheem pov thawj rau kev hloov pauv ntawm elastic strip stiffness thiab rail hom tau muab faib ua ob pawg: kuaj lub rooj zaum pov thawj thiab daim teb kab pov thawj. Laboratory bench verification tsim ib tug fastening xeem platform simulating rail hom, nruab ib lub elastic strip ntawm lub fastener ntawm tus coj txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hom, siv vibration load ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau ua hauj lwm nrog zaus 50Hz thiab amplitude 1 hli, thiab txuas ntxiv kev co rau 1 lab lub sij hawm. Thaum lub sij hawm xeem, tus nqi preload attenuation, txhav hloov tus nqi thiab qaug zog kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub elastic strip yog saib nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Field line verification xaiv cov kab kab ib txwm, lays rails thiab elastic strips ntawm cov rail hom sib xws, lem thiab saib rau 6 lub hlis, thiab sau cov lateral hloov ntawm cov ntsia hlau thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm elastic strips. Cov qauv kev txiav txim siab suav nrog peb qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb: ua ntej, preload attenuation tus nqi Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 5% / 1 lab vibrations; thib ob, nruj hloov pauv tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 3%; thib peb, rail lateral displacement Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.5mm. Yog tias tag nrho peb qhov ntsuas tau ua tau raws li cov qauv, nws raug txiav txim siab tias cov hlua khi elastic tau hloov mus rau hom kev tsheb ciav hlau; Yog tias ib qho kev ntsuas ua tsis tau raws li cov qauv, cov qauv tsim kev nruj ntawm cov hlua elastic yuav tsum tau hloov kho thiab rov xyuas dua. Piv txwv li, lub elastic strip hloov mus rau 75kg / m hnyav - tsheb ciav hlau muaj tus nqi thauj khoom ua ntej ntawm 3%, qhov tawv hloov pauv ntawm 2%, thiab kev tsheb ciav hlau sab nraud ntawm 0.3 hli tom qab kuaj xyuas, uas ua tau raws li tus qauv kev txiav txim siab adaptability.