Dynamic Stress Matching thiab Fatigue Life Enhancement Technology rau Rail Fastening Systems
Dab tsi yog cov qauv tsim qauv rau dynamic kev ntxhov siab txuam ntawm kev khiav ceev?
Dynamic stress matching ntawm khiav fastening systems yuav tsum ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "stiffness gradient adaptation". Qhov nruj ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau mus rau cov neeg pw tsaug zog yuav tsum txo qis ib kauj ruam, uas yog, elastic strip stiffness ＞ puag phaj txhav ＞ pw tsaug zog txhav, tsim kom muaj kev ntxhov siab sib kis. Lub zog buckling ntawm elastic strips yuav tsum phim qhov kev vibration amplitude ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Rau siab - txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau ceev, lub zog buckling ntawm elastic strips yuav tsum muaj ntau dua los yog sib npaug li 10kN kom tsis txhob muaj tsheb ciav hlau nkag los ntawm qhov siab - zaus vibration. Lub pre-tightening torque ntawm bolts yuav tsum raug tswj xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev ntxhov siab hloov pauv tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li ± 15% nyob rau hauv kev thauj khoom dynamic, tiv thaiv lub bolt qaug zog tawg los ntawm ntau dhau lossis tsis txaus torque. Qhov dynamic{10}}zoo li qub stiffness piv ntawm lub hauv paus daim hlau yuav tsum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 2.0 kom ntseeg tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev co lub zog ntawm kev tsav tsheb sib txawv. Qhov kev ntxhov siab sib txuam ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm qhov kev sim ua kom tiav, simulating kev ua haujlwm xws li siab - tsav tsheb ceev thiab hnyav - thauj khoom thauj los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm txhua qhov khoom nyob hauv qhov kev tso cai.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem kev txhim kho cov khoom siv rau kev txhim kho lub neej qaug zog ntawm kev siab - ceev railway fastening systems?
Elastic strips ntawm siab - ceev railway fastening systems yuav tsum yog ua los ntawm 60Si2CrVA alloy hlau. Cov khoom siv no muaj lub zog tensile Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 1375MPa thiab lub zog tawm los Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 1225MPa, nrog lub neej qaug zog ntau dua 6 lab lub sijhawm, deb tshaj li qub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hlau. Bolts yog ua los ntawm 40CrNiMoA siab- lub zog alloy hlau, uas muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo heev tom qab quenching thiab tempering, thiab nws qaug zog tiv taus yog 25% siab dua li ntawm 40Cr. Insulating puag daim hlau yog ua los ntawm nkauj xwb nitrile roj hmab, ntxiv nrog los tiv thaiv - cov neeg ua hauj lwm laus thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm txhawb zog, nrog rau elasticity tuav tus nqi siab tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 80% nyob rau hauv 5 xyoo ntawm kev siv, tsis txhob overelastic attenuation. Cov phaj siab yog ua los ntawm Q355B cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau thiab raug rau saum npoo tua kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw thiab txhim kho kev qaug zog. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv yuav tsum dhau qhov thib peb- tog kev sim kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ua tau raws li cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau kev siab - kev tsheb ciav hlau ceev, thiab cov khoom tsis tsim nyog raug txwv nruj heev.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev txhim kho kev ntsuas rau kev qaug zog ntawm cov tshuab fastening nyob rau hauv hnyav -haul freight kab?
Elastic strips ntawm hnyav- cov kab tsheb thauj khoom yuav tsum tau txais cov qauv tsim, nrog tus ntoo khaub lig- ntu thickness nce 15%, txhim kho qhov deformation tsis kam thiab buckling quab yuam stability ntawm elastic strips, thiab tswj cov buckling quab yuam fluctuation ntau yam tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 8%. Bolt qhov txais yuav countersunk lub taub hau tsim kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag ntawm lub taub hau ntsia hlau thiab cov phaj siab, txo cov ntsiab lus kev ntxhov siab. Lub hauv paus daim hlau txais ob npaug - txheej txheej txheej, nrog rau cov txheej sab sauv yog hnav- polyurethane resistant thiab cov txheej qis yog siab - elastic roj hmab, ntsuas qhov hnav tsis kam thiab kev poob siab ua haujlwm, thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm lub hauv paus phaj. Fishplates txais kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tsim, txo qhov kev ntxhov siab coefficient ntawm cov pob qij txha los ntawm 30% kom tsis txhob sib koom ua ke. Qhov sib nrug ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov txuas txuas yog luv rau 600mm, 200mm tsawg dua li ntawm cov kab tsheb ciav hlau zoo tib yam, dispersing lub siab ntawm hnyav loads ntawm ib txheej ntawm accessories.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev txiav txim siab rau lub neej qaug zog ntawm lub tshuab fastening?
Kev tshawb pom lub neej qaug zog ntawm elastic strips nyob rau hauv fastening systems yuav tsum siv siab -frequency fatigue testing machines with a loading Frequency of 50Hz, simulating vibration zaus ntawm ntsia. Kev xeem dhau los txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tom qab 5 lab lub voj voog thauj khoom. Bolt qaug zog kuaj siv rotating dabtsi yog khoov qaug zog kuaj cov cav tov nrog ib tug kev nyuaj siab piv ntawm 0.1, thiab xeem dhau qhov kev xeem txhais tau tias tus naj npawb ntawm cycles rau tawg yog ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 2 × 10⁶ zaug. Lub hauv paus phaj qaug zog kuaj siv cov tshuab ntsuas compression dynamic, cyclically loading nyob rau hauv ± 5kN dynamic load rau 1 lab lub sij hawm, thiab dhau qhov kev xeem txhais tau hais tias lub elastic deformation rov qab tus nqi yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 95%. Cov kab ke-qib kev qaug zog yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv kev xeem cov seem, simulating txoj kev ntawm 350 km / h siab - ceev railways los yog 10,000-tuj hnyav-haul tsheb ciav hlau. Kev xeem dhau los txhais tau tias tsis muaj qhov xoob lossis deformation ntawm txhua yam tom qab ua haujlwm tas li rau 1000 teev. Cov qhabnias xeem yuav tsum tsim ib daim ntawv qhia ntxaws raws li lub hauv paus rau kev lees paub cov khoom thiab daim ntawv thov engineering.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev ceeb toom ntxov thiab kev saib xyuas cov tswv yim rau kev qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab fastening?
Kev ceeb toom ntxov ntawm kev qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab fastening yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev soj ntsuam online, uas siv cov sensors tiag tiag - lub sijhawm saib xyuas tsis xws li ntsia liaj qhov rooj torque, elastic strip deformation, thiab lub hauv paus phaj kev nyuaj siab, thiab cia li ceeb toom thaum tsis hloov pauv ntau tshaj qhov pib. Kev tshuaj xyuas txhua hnub yuav tsum ua piv txwv qhov elasticity ntawm elastic strips txhua hli siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los ntsuas lub zog buckling, thiab hloov lawv tam sim ntawd thaum lub zog buckling poob siab dua lossis sib npaug li 15%. Lub torque ntawm bolts yuav tsum tau rov kuaj dua peb lub hlis twg. Yog hais tias lub torque attenuation yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 10%, rov kho dua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, thiab hloov nrog bolts tshiab yog hais tias tus txheej txheem tsis tau raws li tom qab retightening. Cov qib hnav ntawm lub hauv paus phaj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas txhua xyoo, thiab hloov thaum hnav qhov tob yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1 hli. Rau siab - cov kab tsheb ciav hlau ceev, cov roj hmab roj hmab hauv qab yuav tsum tau hloov ua ntej. Rau cov haujlwm hnyav- ntu thiab ntu nkhaus uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev qaug zog tsis ua haujlwm, lub voj voog tu yuav tsum tau luv luv rau ib zaug txhua 3 lub hlis txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ua tsis tiav ua ntej.