Ballastless Track Tshwj Xeeb Cov Txheej Txheem Xaiv Tshuab
Yam dab tsi yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv cov khoom siv rau ballastless khiav underlayment?
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv ballastless underlayment yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm kev txo qis kev co, hnav tsis kam, thiab ruaj khov, suav nrog cov xwm txheej khiav. High-cov ntaub ntawv elasticity roj hmab yog qhov nyiam, nrog rau Shore hardness tswj ntawm 55-65 degrees, zoo absorbing siab - zaus vibrations thiab txhim kho kev caij tsheb. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv kev laus zoo, tswj kev elasticity nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig xws li ntawm -40℃txog 80℃kom tsis txhob tawg thiab tawv. Hnav tsis kam yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv, nrog hnav tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 hli / xyoo, kom tiv taus cov tsheb ciav hlau mus sij hawm ntev. Qee cov kab tsheb ciav hlau ceev siv EPDM roj hmab underlayment nrog ntxiv carbon fiber reinforcement los txhim kho kev qaug zog. Kev xaiv yuav tsum tau xav txog kev sib raug zoo nrog cov pob zeb khiav kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj qhov xoob tom qab kev teeb tsa thiab lav tag nrho cov qauv kev ncaj ncees ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev sib tw.
Dab tsi yog cov txheej txheem xaiv rau fastening system ntawm ballastless lem?
Kev xaiv ntawm ballastless khiav fastening systems yuav tsum ua raws li peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: "siab smoothness, muaj zog stability, thiab ntev kev pab cuam lub neej" hloov mus rau lub nruj qauv ntawm monolithic khiav txaj. Ua ntej, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj lub siab clamping quab yuam, nrog lub tsheb ciav hlau clip clamping quab yuam ntawm ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 20kN, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas ruaj khov ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau thiab tsis txhob muaj kev sib txawv thaum lub caij tsheb ciav hlau ua haujlwm. Qhov thib ob, qhov ntev ntawm qhov kev sib txuas yuav tsum raug tswj xyuas kom meej (4 ± 1kN) kom hloov mus rau thermal expansion thiab contraction ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab tiv thaiv deformation ntawm cov qauv khiav. Hais txog cov ntaub ntawv, bolts yog ua los ntawm 12.9-qib siab-lub zog alloy steel, thiab rail clips yog ua los ntawm 60Si2MnA caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel los xyuas kom meej tsis muaj qaug zog tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv siab - zaus vibration. Kev xaiv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm kev teeb tsa, nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm ± 0.2 hli kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv yog tswj nyob rau hauv ± 1 hli. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum dhau 10 lab lub voj voog kev qaug zog kom ntseeg tau tias lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm lub fastening system yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 15 xyoo, nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog "tsawg tu" lub tswv yim ntawm ballastless lem.
Yuav ua li cas cov qauv tsim ntawm ballastless khiav pressing daim hlau hloov mus rau monolithic khiav txaj?
Cov qauv tsim ntawm ballastless track pressing daim hlau yuav tsum tsom rau ob qhov kev xav tau ntawm "rigid fixation + elastic buffering" kom haum rau cov yam ntxwv nruj ntawm cov txaj monolithic. Nws tau txais cov qauv sib xyaw ntawm "L-zoo li lub siab- lub zog aluminium alloy puag phaj + elastic rwb thaiv tsev ncoo", nrog rau lub hauv paus phaj thickness Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 14 hli thiab tensile zog Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 280MPa kom muaj peev xwm txaus - cov kabmob. Qhov kev sib cuag ntawm lub phaj nias thiab cov kab khiav slab yog tsim los tiv thaiv - zawv zawg zawj, ua kom muaj kev sib txhuam coefficient siab tshaj 0.6 los tiv thaiv kev txav mus rau sab nraud. Lub qhov ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau txais tus qauv tsim kom tsis txhob raug bolts cuam tshuam rau kev taug qab smoothness thiab tiv thaiv cov bolts los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud. Ib qho EPDM elastic ncoo nrog lub thickness ntawm 3-5mm yog ntxiv rau qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub phaj nias thiab cov tsheb ciav hlau kom tsis txhob muaj lub log-rail cuam tshuam thiab txo qhov hnav. Tus qauv tsim yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov tseeb installation ntawm ballastless lem, tshwj tseg qhov siab hloov qhov chaw ntawm ± 3mm los pab txhawb txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau qhov siab calibration thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem anchoring ntawm rail spikes ntawm ballastless lem thiab ballasted lem?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem anchoring ntawm kev tsheb ciav hlau spikes ntawm ballastless lem thiab ballasted lem nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus kho, xaiv cov khoom, thiab kev tsim kho. Ballastless lem txais ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm "pre- lub tes tsho embedded + chemical anchoring", qhov twg ua ntej - lub tes tsho embedded yog integrally cam khwb cia nrog cov khiav slab, thiab qhov chaw qhov tseeb yog tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 0.5 hli kom ruaj ntseg installation ntawm rail spikes. Cov khoom siv thauj tog rau nkoj siv siab -lub zog epoxy tshuaj anchoring tus neeg sawv cev nrog lub zog compressive ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 60MPa, thiab nws qhov adhesion yog 50% siab dua li cov sulfur anchoring agents siv nyob rau hauv ballasted lem, adapting rau cov kev cai nruj ntawm monolithic taug qab txaj. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho, kev teeb tsa kev siv tshuab tau txais kev pom zoo, thiab qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov kev sib txawv ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 1℃kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm yuam kev. Ballasted lem feem ntau yog siv sulfur anchoring tus neeg sawv cev rau ncuav rau hauv lub qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg pw tsaug zog, nrog rau qhov chaw qis dua (± 1mm) thiab cuam tshuam ntau dua los ntawm kev pw tsaug zog deformation. Kev thauj mus los ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau hauv ballastless lem tsom ntau rau ntev - lub sij hawm ruaj khov thiab rub- tawm tsis kam (Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 80kN), thaum ballasted lem hais txog kev yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev tswj tus nqi. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub qia los ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv kev taug qab.
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau ballastless lem hauv cheeb tsam alpine?
Kev xaiv cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv thaj tsam alpine yuav tsum tsom mus rau peb lub cores: "khov-thaw tsis kam, qis- kub tsis kam, thiab tiv thaiv tawg" kom hloov mus rau huab cua huab cua. Rail pads yog ua los ntawm qis- cov khoom siv roj hmab resistant, nrog rau elastic rov qab tus nqi ntau dua los yog sib npaug li 90% ntawm -40℃kom tsis txhob qis- kub nkig tawg. Bolts ntawm lub kaw lus fastening yog ua los ntawm qis- kub tawv alloy steel, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam lub zog ntawm ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 34J ntawm -40℃los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv qis - qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig. Lub freeze-thaw buffer txheej nrog lub thickness ntawm 5-8mm yog ntxiv ntawm lub phaj nias thiab cov slab khiav kom nqus tau cov kev ntxhov siab uas tsim los ntawm permafrost khov-thaw thiab tiv thaiv cov qauv khiav. Cov ntsia hlau ntsia hlau ntsia hlau ntsia hlau yog qhov qis - kub curing hom, uas ib txwm tuaj yeem teeb tsa ntawm -10℃nrog tsim nyog compressive zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yog kho nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Frost los tiv thaiv corrosion thiab khov-thaw kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov dej khov thiab cov daus. Kev xaiv cov phiaj xwm tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov teebmeem tsis zoo xws li khov-thaw thiab kub qis hauv thaj tsam alpine, ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov mus ntev ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.