Yuav Ua Li Cas Rail Pads Hnub nyoog hauv Kev Pabcuam
Lub rail pad zaum nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab tus neeg pw tsaug zog, nqa tag nrho lub zog ntawm txhua lub qag hla thiab ntsib tshav kub, tshav ntuj, ya raws thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Peb lub aging mechanisms dominate. Thermal-oxidative aging: ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 60 C nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, cov pa oxygen reacts nrog cov roj hmab molecular chains thiab ua rau saw scission los yog crosslinking ntau heev, uas ua rau lub ncoo nyuaj thiab nkig. Kev laus ultraviolet: UV hluav taws xob rhuav tshem cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov roj hmab saum npoo, ua rau chalking thiab tawg, phem tshaj ntawm cov kab qhib tsis muaj vaj tse. Kev laus qaug zog: rov qag loads tsim micro- tawg hauv lub ncoo uas loj hlob mus txog rau thaum cov qauv ua tsis tiav; hnyav- cov kab muaj hnub nyoog sai dua li cov kab zoo tib yam. Humidity thiab acid nag ua kom tag nrho peb. Cov txiaj ntsig sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov kev hloov pauv tsis hloov pauv lub neej ntawm 5-8 xyoo, uas yog vim li cas cov ntaub qhwv lub neej ntev tau teev rau ntawm cov kab uas hloov pauv tau kim.
Kev Tiv Thaiv -Kev Laus Ntxiv thiab Lawv Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm
Peb tsev neeg ntxiv ua hauj lwm ua ke. Antioxidants, siv lub hindered phenol thiab phosphite compound system, ntes cov dawb radicals ntawm oxidation saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab decompose cov peroxides uas tsim; kev sib xyaw ua ke txuas ntxiv thermal - oxidative lub neej ntau dua 3 zaug. Ultraviolet stabilizers, phua rau hauv absorbers uas hloov UV lub zog rau hauv cov cua kub tsis muaj teeb meem thiab cov quenchers uas rov zoo siab cov roj hmab molecules rau hauv av, nce UV tiv taus li ntawm 40 feem pua. Anti- cov neeg ua haujlwm laus raws li naphthylamine thiab quinoline adsorb mus rau qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov roj hmab molecules thiab inhibit qhov pib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm micro- tawg. Ntxiv cov nqi yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais nruj: 1.5-2.5 feem pua cov antioxidants, 2-3 feem pua UV stabilizers thiab 1-1.5 feem pua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus. Overdosing hloov lub elastic modulus ntawm lub ncoo thiab degrades lub vibration damping kev ua tau zoo nws yog tsim los rau.
Txheej txheem Optimization
Kev sib xyaw siv cov sij hawm segmented: cov roj hmab hauv paus yog plasticized nyob rau hauv lub tov khoom ntawm 80-90 C rau 3-5 feeb, ces antioxidants thiab anti- cov neeg ua hauj lwm laus yog ntxiv ntawm 100-110 C rau 5-7 feeb, thiab thaum kawg cov UV stabilizers ntawm 90-203 C. Vulcanization yog ua nyob rau hauv ob theem: ua ntej ntawm 140-145 C rau 8-10 feeb los tsim lub ncoo, tom qab ntawd ntawm 120-130 C rau lub tsev nyob ntev dua uas optimizes crosslink qauv, nrog crosslink ceev tswj nyob ib ncig ntawm 1.5 los ntawm 10 mus rau lub minus 4th hwj chim mol / cm3 kom sib npaug thiab elasticity. Tom qab kev kho mob txau 5-10 micron polyurethane tiv thaiv txheej ntawm lub ncoo saum npoo los thaiv UV thiab oxygen, thiab kev ntxhov siab-txo qis ntawm 50 C rau 24 teev tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv uas yuav ua rau tawg hauv kev pabcuam.
Regional Anti-Cov Kev Xav Tau Kev Laus
| Kev nyab xeeb cheeb tsam | Dominant aging factor | Qhov xav tau tseem ceeb |
|---|---|---|
| Kub thiab arid inland | Thermal -oxidative thiab muaj zog UV | Thermal -oxidative lub neej 15 xyoo, UV modulus hloov qis dua 10 feem pua |
| Humid ntug dej hiav txwv thiab nag | Damp- cua sov thiab pwm | Damp-kub tsis kam tshaj 1000 teev, pwm qib 0 |
| Alpine | Tsawg-kub embrittlement, khov-thaw | Impact toughness 15 kJ / m2 ntawm rho tawm 40 C, tsis muaj cracking tom qab 100 khov-thaw cycles |
| Siab toj siab | Muaj zog UV thiab tsis tshua muaj siab | UV tiv thaiv saum toj no 80 feem pua, halved oxidation tus nqi ntawm qis siab |
Muab cov qauv tsim los rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev laus hauv cheeb tsam: ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab kev tiv thaiv tsaus nti hauv cov kub- thaj chaw arid, pwm inhibitors thiab denser crosslinking nyob rau hauv cov av ntub, txias-cov roj hmab tiv taus nrog plasticizers hauv thaj chaw alpine, thiab siab -cov ntsiab lus UV stabilizers ntawm toj siab.
Kev Xeem thiab Txais
Kev kuaj kev laus nrawm yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb. Thermal-oxidative aging raws li GB/T 3512: 72 teev nyob rau hauv 100 C kub- cua qhov cub, tom qab ntawd qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tensile zog thiab elongation ntawm so yuav tsum nyob li ntawm 20 feem pua. UV ceev kev laus ua raws li GB / T 16422.3: 1000 teev nyob rau hauv fluorescent UV teeb uas tsis muaj chalking los yog cracking thiab ib tug modulus hloov qis dua 15 feem pua. Kev ntsuam xyuas raug pom zoo kuj tau ua nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw huab cua ib txwm muaj rau 2 xyoos, nrog qhov kev vibration yam tsawg kawg nkaus -damping kev ua tau zoo ntawm 80 feem pua. Kev kuaj xyuas tshuab tom qab kev laus yuav tsum muaj qhov hloov ntawm Shore hardness nyob rau hauv 5 lub ntsiab lus, tensile lub zog tuav siab tshaj 80 feem pua thiab cuam tshuam toughness ntawm rho tawm 40 C raws li lub regional tus nqi. Kev lees txais ib TB/T 2626 yuav tsum muaj 100 feem pua kev tsim nyog tus nqi ntawm kev tiv thaiv- kev kuaj kev laus; txoj kev npaj ua piv txwv yog 3 pawg ntawm 5 cov ntaub qhwv ib pob, thiab ib qho tsis ua haujlwm tsis tsim nyog rau batch los ntawm kev xa khoom.
Thermal-oxidative, UV thiab qaug zog ua haujlwm ua ke thiab ua kom lub neej luv luv rau 5-8 xyoo.
Antioxidants, UV stabilizers thiab tiv thaiv- cov neeg ua haujlwm laus yuav tsum tau txhaj rau hauv lub qhov rais nruj kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.
Kev lees txais ib TB/T 2626 siv GB/T 3512 kub-air aging thiab GB/T 16422.3 UV aging tests.
FAQ
Vim li cas cov tsheb ciav hlau ua nyuaj thiab nkig thaum lub caij ntuj sov?
Kev kub ceev ceev ceev thermal-oxidative aging: oxygen tawm tsam cov roj hmab molecular chains, thiab saw scission lossis ntxiv crosslinking nce hardness thiab txo elasticity.
Dab tsi yog qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm tus qauv pad?
Txog 5-8 xyoo hauv kev pabcuam ib txwm muaj, nyob ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev khiav tsheb. Kev tiv thaiv - cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv kev laus tau teev tseg rau 15 xyoo lossis ntau dua hauv cov cheeb tsam kub-kub.
Kev laus puas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm kev kuaj pom ib leeg?
Nto chalking, cracking thiab mus tas li teeb pom kev zoo, tab sis sab hauv qaug zog puas yog tsis. Periodic hardness thiab elastic modulus xyuas yog xav tau rau kev txiav txim siab.
Vim li cas overdosing anti-aging additives ua teeb meem?
Cov additives ntau dhau mus rau saum npoo, hloov cov elastic modulus thiab txo cov kev co damping nyhuv, thiab tseem tuaj yeem tawg mus rau lub ntsej muag kev sib cuag, hloov kev sib txhuam tus cwj pwm.
Tus txheej txheem twg tswj kev tsheb ciav hlau lees txais?
Cov ntaub ntawv siv yog TB/T 2626 rau cov roj hmab pads hauv qab pob zeb- pw tsaug zog rail, nrog rau kev kuaj kev laus ua raws li GB/T 3512 thiab GB/T 16422.3 thiab tensile xeem ib GB/T 528.